Tracheal diverticulum is a benign lesion in which a localized congenital defect of the trachea weakly bulges outward, and the treatment plan is determined by the presence or absence of severe symptoms. Tracheal diverticula are divided into congenital and acquired, the former is usually caused by cartilage developmental defects in lung tissue; the latter is most common in adults and is generally believed to be related to long-term coughing, chronic inflammation leading to increased pressure in the wall. In addition, it should be differentiated from esophageal diverticula, mediastinal emphysema, tracheal cysts and other diseases. Most congenital tracheal diverticula are asymptomatic and are often found during chest CT or chest surgery and do not require treatment. If the diverticulum is large or in a special location, it is prone to recurrent infections, foreign body retention, and compression of surrounding tissues, and requires anti-infective treatment or surgical removal. Most of the tracheal diverticula are asymptomatic. If the patient develops uncomfortable symptoms, it is recommended to consult a doctor in time and receive reasonable treatment under the guidance of the doctor.