A less invasive procedure than a minimally invasive disc is actually an interventional disc technique. 1964 saw Smith’s first successful treatment of a herniated disc using papain, and 1984 saw Choy’s treatment of a herniated disc using laser vaporization. This is often referred to as PLDD (Percutaneous Laser Decompression Discectomy, PLDD). Later, there was also the technique of condensation vaporization of the disc (Coblation) and Intradiscal Electro-Thermal Therapy (IDET). Early minimally invasive disc surgery was seen in 1975 when Hijikata used a secure (Kambin) triangle puncture of the posterior lateral percutaneous vertebral body to guide the placement of a working In 1985, Onik designed an automated lumbar disc removal procedure, and in 1997, Antony T. Yeung, an American surgeon, designed and applied a coaxial spinal endoscope for direct visual disc removal, opening up a new world of minimally invasive disc therapy. Later, Hoogland and Ruetten in Germany, Sang-ho Lee in Korea, Fujio Ito in Japan, and Shao-Ke Hsu in Taiwan all performed more than 1000 endoscopic procedures. Spinal endoscopy is a new technique to perform surgical treatment on the human spine with the help of an endoscopic approach. Minimally invasive surgery has the superiority of less trauma, less pain and faster recovery. Less trauma, less pain and faster recovery is the dream of every patient who needs surgery, and minimally invasive surgery makes this dream a reality. The early return of patients to work and social activities is of great benefit to the whole society and family. The emergence of minimally invasive surgery and its widespread use in the medical field is a matter of the last decade or so, and the first case of LC performed by chance by French doctor Mouret in 1987 was not expected to mark the birth of a new medical milestone. The concept of minimally invasive surgery was developed due to the advancement of the entire medical model, driven by a “holistic” view of treatment. Minimally invasive surgery focuses on the improvement and rehabilitation of the patient’s psychological, social, physical (pain), spiritual and quality of life, with maximum consideration for the patient and reduction of his or her pain. Minimally invasive surgery requires no incision, only 1-3 small holes of 0.5-1 cm in the patient’s body, no scars, no pain, and only 3-5 days to complete the whole process of examination, treatment and rehabilitation. This reduces the damage caused by traditional surgery and greatly reduces the inconvenience and pain caused by the disease to patients. Minimally invasive surgery has the advantages of less trauma, less pain and faster recovery. Minimally invasive surgery PK traditional surgery Several advantages of minimally invasive endoscopic surgery I. Small incision: small incision in the waist, about 0.7cm, basically no scar, known as “keyhole”. Light pain: Patients feel little pain, and the surgery is done under local anesthesia, so patients can finish the surgery in a waking state. Fast recovery: no damage to the bone, which shortens the recovery time after surgery. Short hospitalization time: Generally, patients can get out of bed 2 hours after surgery, eat immediately and be discharged on the same day. 4-6 weeks later, the basic recovery time is relatively low. V. Less bleeding: almost no bleeding during surgery. The clear vision of minimally invasive surgery, together with the use of advanced hemostatic instruments such as bipolar radiofrequency, helps to reduce bleeding. Sixth, the method of treatment again after recurrence is simple and almost equivalent to the first surgery. Several defects of traditional surgery I. Large incision: Traditional long incision, 2-5cm, with long linear scars, affects the aesthetics. Second, large pain: traditional surgery requires the removal of part of the vertebral plate, and the incision site is often accompanied by pain, soreness and numbness after surgery. Slow recovery: traditional surgery is slow because of the large incision and the damage to the muscles, blood vessels and corresponding nerves near the incision, which may be accompanied by complications of infection in certain tissues. Long hospitalization time: 24 hours to get out of bed after surgery, 7-15 days to be discharged, relatively high cost. V. More bleeding: Traditional surgery separates tissues extensively and bleeding is relatively large. Traditional open incision infection or fat liquefaction and incision splitting have been unavoidable problems. Sixth, the method of re-operation after recurrence is complicated and more difficult than the first operation. Relationship between minimally invasive surgery and open surgery Minimally invasive surgical techniques come from traditional surgical techniques, and proficiency in traditional techniques helps to be proficient in minimally invasive surgical techniques. There are diseases that cannot be applied with minimally invasive surgical techniques now and still rely on traditional surgical techniques and methods. We cannot absolutize an excellent technique. Minimally invasive surgery is not yet possible to completely replace traditional open surgery in the foreseeable time frame. There are certain indications for any treatment method, and different doctors have different levels of proficiency, which determine the extent of use. It is not possible to completely replace them. For example, osteotomy orthopedics and the repositioning of slipped bones above II cannot yet be done completely using the minimally invasive percutaneous technique. The scientific approach is not to absolutize and oppose the two techniques, either one or the other. Rather, the two methods should be combined organically to serve the patient.