The seven high-risk factors for congenital heart disease There are about 7‰ to 11‰ of babies born in China every year with congenital cardiovascular anomalies, which brings great misfortune and deep burden to families and society. According to modern medical research, there are seven high-risk factors that can cause malformations in fetal heart development: △ There is a family history of congenital heart disease. It is not uncommon for siblings to have congenital heart disease at the same time, or for parents and children to have congenital heart disease at the same time, and the nature of the disease is very similar. If the first child born to a mother with congenital heart disease, the likelihood of the second child having the disease is about 2%; if two consecutive children are born with congenital heart disease, the number of new children with congenital heart disease may increase to 10%. If the mother has prediabetes, the risk of the second generation having prediabetes is 10%. The risk of congenital heart disease in the fetus of a pregnant woman with untreated and uncontrolled diabetes mellitus is 2%, and the risk decreases if the disease is controlled and stabilized in early pregnancy. Exposure to teratogenic drugs such as lithium, sodium phenytoin or steroids in early pregnancy can lead to a 2% risk of fetal congenital heart disease. △Over-exposure to radioactive substances such as X-rays and isotopes in early pregnancy. △ Viral infection. Viral infections in the first trimester of pregnancy, especially in the third to eighth weeks of pregnancy, can predispose the fetus to cardiovascular malformations. Rubella virus is the main culprit of fetal precocious heart disease. In addition, influenza, mumps, coxsackie virus, herpes virus, etc. are also often the “perpetrators” of pediatric precocious heart disease. △Inbreeding. The first of these is a high risk factor for fetal malformation and precocious heart disease.