For mycobacterial infections, prompt anti-infective treatment is needed. First of all, it is necessary to clarify whether the mycobacterium is Mycobacterium tuberculosis or non-tuberculosis mycobacterium. If it is Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection, which is often referred to as tuberculosis infection, regular anti-tuberculosis treatment is needed for at least half a year, and attention should be paid to monitoring the adverse effects of the drugs and regular review to assess the efficacy of the treatment. If it is non-tuberculosis mycobacteria infection, first need to clarify the category of non-tuberculosis mycobacteria, non-tuberculosis mycobacteria have many pathogenic bacteria, need to do according to the pathogenic bacteria to do the appropriate program of treatment, most of the patients can be cured after treatment.