The cause of bilateral carotid artery intima-media thickening with plaque formation is still unclear, but some studies have suggested that intima-media injury, lipid metabolism disorders, and blood flow shocks are the high-risk factors, and the following are several possible mechanisms.
1. Endothelial injury: endothelial injury caused by various reasons such as unstable blood pressure, makes the intima thicken, calcium ions accumulate on the basis of thickening of the arterial intima causing plaque formation.
2. Lipid metabolism disorders: lipid, cholesterol and other substances infiltrate and accumulate, making vacuolar cell degeneration, a large number of inflammatory factors infiltration, endothelial cell hyperplasia in patients, smooth muscle cell proliferation, which causes endothelial thickening with plaque.
3. Blood flow impact: due to the shear force caused by blood flow impact on the arterial wall damage, the intima can appear atherosclerotic plaque, or the formation of local thrombus caused by lumen occlusion. Thrombus dislodgement can cause brain and other organs embolism, life-threatening.
It is recommended that patients with bilateral carotid artery intima-media thickening with plaques should consult a doctor in time and be actively treated under the guidance of a doctor to avoid delaying their condition.