The removal of the spleen can be extremely damaging to the hematopoietic and immune functions of the body. The two main functions of the spleen are both hematopoietic and immune functions. The hematopoietic function is mainly in the fetal period, and under normal conditions in adults, the spleen is no longer burdened with the hematopoietic function, except in a few pathological cases. Therefore, the hematopoietic function of the body is not affected after splenectomy. Another function of the spleen is the immune function, which has a very important role throughout life, so the removal of the spleen negatively affects the immune system of the body, and the immunity of the body will be reduced to some extent after the removal of the spleen. Low immune function is likely to cause infections easily. Such as respiratory tract infection, intestinal infection, digestive tract infection, etc. After spleen removal, attention should be paid to prevention to prevent infection. This includes personal dietary hygiene, keeping warm, and proper exercise to increase immunity. However, the spleen is not the only immune organ, and a period of postoperative adjustment of the body’s immunity can be somewhat restored. Some functions of spleen immunity will be replaced by other organs. In conclusion, after splenectomy, it is important to pay attention to the postoperative recovery. Pay attention to the prevention of infection. Keep personal warmth to increase immunity.