The introduction of microecological evaluation system makes the treatment of reproductive tract infectious diseases change from the original concept of discovering pathogenic bacteria and killing pathogenic bacteria to the concept of focusing on microecological diagnosis and treatment to propose personalized treatment plan, which is a milestone in the field of reproductive tract infectious disease examination. Its detection method can be divided into two aspects: 1. morphological examination: mainly check epithelial cells, mycelium, spores, trichomonas, mycoplasma-like vesicles, chlamydia-like vesicles, clue cells, etc.; 2. check stem chemical analysis, the main index is vaginal pH, which is the most direct index of vaginal ecological balance; hydrogen peroxide concentration check, which is the index of ecologically dominant bacteria; leukocyte esterase check, which is the index of reaction to the host; The sialoglucosidase activity test, which is an indicator of pathogenic bacteria. Once the above two aspects are checked, the Nugent score and AV score can be evaluated by a comprehensive software for the purpose of understanding microecology and recognizing pathogens and damage agents.