Optic neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders have six core groups of clinical symptoms, including optic neuritis, acute myelitis optica, polar posterior region syndrome, acute brainstem syndrome, acute mesencephalic syndrome, and cerebral syndrome. 1. Optic neuritis: a general term for inflammation of any part of the optic nerve. It refers to inflammatory demyelination, infection, and non-specific inflammation of the optic nerve. Most of them are acute in onset and may present with symptoms such as eye pain, visual field defects, and vision loss. 2. Acute myelitis: refers to acute transverse spinal cord inflammatory changes caused by various autoimmune reactions. Patients may present with sensory, motor and urinary and fecal disturbances. 3. Posterior polar region syndrome: mainly manifested as intractable eructation, nausea and vomiting. 4. Acute brainstem syndrome: the main manifestations are dizziness, diplopia, facial sensory disorders, etc. 5. Acute mesencephalic syndrome: the main manifestations are lethargy, abnormal thermoregulation, hyponatremia and so on. 6. Cerebral syndromes: symptoms such as decreased level of consciousness in the brain, cognitive impairment, language disorders, and headache may occur. Any symptoms related to optic neuromyelitis optica spectrum disease should be promptly treated by a doctor in a hospital.