Parents ask: My son is 4 years old and has been snoring in his sleep. Recently, he decided to have adenoids and tonsils surgery. Will it cause a decrease in resistance? Is there any risk of general anesthesia? What are the precautions after surgery? Prof. Yang Qintai replied: The choice of surgery is made by the doctor after weighing the advantages and disadvantages of conservative treatment, and the advantages must outweigh the disadvantages. So far, no clear sequelae of surgery have been found. There is no reliable scientific basis for the claim of decreased resistance. On the contrary, patients with enlarged tonsils and adenoids are actually more prone to respiratory infections due to local inflammation and obstruction, and surgery is the best solution to improve this state. Here it means “infection”. Of course, the tonsils and adenoids are considered to be the first defense barrier of the respiratory tract and are useful in preventing disease, but they are not the only barrier and are not as useful as one might think. After removal of the tonsils and adenoids, their pharyngeal lymphoid tissues can play an active defense role instead of them, so parents can be assured that even if a decrease in resistance occurs, it will be short-term and mild. At present, the drugs and means of general anesthesia are well established and safe, and the operation is very short, so there is no need to worry about the risks of general anesthesia. There is no recurrence after tonsil and adenoidectomy, unless the surgeon is not careful enough to cause excessive residual tonsils and adenoids and reactive hyperplasia after surgery. It is important to pay attention to postoperative bleeding within 1-2 days after adenoids and tonsils surgery, so it is necessary to be hospitalized for observation for a few days after surgery, which usually rarely happens after complete hemostasis during surgery. In addition, for tonsillectomy patients 1-2 weeks after surgery need to pay attention to dietary problems, generally choose light, less stimulating and less crumbly food to avoid late bleeding due to irritation and abrasion of the trabecular surface of the tonsillar fossa when the white membrane is shed. During the recovery period, we should pay attention to the daily care of the child, keep warm and prevent the occurrence of colds. It is advisable for the child to rest at home for 1-2 weeks after surgery, as the nursery is prone to cross-infection from colds. This is also the case after tonsil and adenoidectomy, as it helps the doctor to check the recovery of the incision and evaluate the efficacy of the surgery. The main reason is that these patients often have sinusitis, postnasal drip and secretory otitis media, etc. Surgery creates the basic conditions for curing these diseases, but medication is also needed to assist in the treatment, so it is necessary to return to the hospital for review regularly and according to medical advice. Therefore, it is necessary to return to the hospital for regular follow-ups as prescribed by the doctor. Those whose symptoms do not improve after surgery should be reviewed promptly.