Generally speaking, patients with thyroid nodules do not have special dietary requirements, and their diets need to be based on their specific conditions, including iodine-appropriate diet, iodine-restricted diet, and low iodine diet. Excessive or insufficient iodine intake can increase the prevalence of nodules, so patients with thyroid nodules and normal thyroid function should be on an iodine-appropriate diet, consuming iodized salt and moderate intake of seafood, such as kelp. If the thyroid nodule has autonomous function and hyperthyroidism occurs, it is advisable to have an iodine-restricted diet, i.e., consume non-iodized salt and avoid eating seafood. If the thyroid nodule is combined with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis, a “low iodine diet” is recommended, i.e. consuming iodized salt and restricting highly iodized foods. In addition, it is recommended that patients with thyroid nodules go to the hospital in a timely manner, and follow the doctor’s instructions to actively carry out treatment to avoid delaying the condition.