A retrospective analysis of 143 patients with lumbar disc herniation after single-segment laminectomy with decompression and nucleus pulposus removal who had been followed up for more than 10 years was performed to understand the clinical efficacy and recurrence rate at the time of follow-up and to determine whether there were differences in the results of follow-up among patients of different ages and severity of disc herniation. 1. Long-term follow-up confirmed that single-segment laminectomy with decompression and nucleus pulposus removal for lumbar disc herniation has good long-term efficacy and a low recurrence rate. The long-term efficacy of single-segment laminectomy for lumbar disc herniation is good and the recurrence rate is low, and it is the preferred surgical method for most patients with this disease; 2. 51% (19/37) of the young patients (under 30 years old) had frequent low back pain after the operation; 3. The long-term efficacy of simple laminectomy for patients with severe disc herniation is worse than that of patients with relatively mild herniation.