Presbyopia, commonly known as presbyopia, is a physiological process that humans must undergo throughout their lives. Whether myopic, orthoptic or hyperopic, presbyopia inevitably occurs to varying degrees over the age of 45. As the population ages and the quality of life of the elderly increases, the problem of presbyopia is becoming more and more of a concern. Traditionally, the correction of presbyopia is solved by wearing presbyopic glasses, from the earliest single-light glasses to the later emergence of bifocals, trifocals and progressive multifocal glasses, especially progressive multifocal glasses with continuous changes of near, middle and far distance focus, which can basically meet the various needs of presbyopia patients. However, more and more middle-aged and elderly people are now making higher demands on their lives and want to take off their pesky presbyopic glasses, firstly because it is indeed inconvenient to wear them, and secondly because the process of wearing presbyopic glasses that keep deepening means the process of aging, which is unacceptable to many middle-aged people who are very young at heart. People want to turn to methods other than glasses to solve the problem of presbyopia, so presbyopia surgery was born. Some of the more mature presbyopia surgeries are excimer laser surgery, conductive keratoplasty, and femtosecond laser INTRACOR. Excimer laser surgery There are two main means of correcting presbyopia with excimer laser surgery: one is through monocular vision, where the dominant eye obtains the best corrected distance vision for seeing far away, and the non-dominant eye undercorrects by a certain number of degrees for seeing close up clearly. Monocular vision is easily achieved through excimer laser surgery, with good predictability and very precise postoperative results as long as accurate preoperative optometry is performed. Another means is to increase the depth of focus, which is designed during surgery with a specialized presbyopic cutting procedure to increase the forward spherical aberration of the cornea after surgery, so that objects can be seen more clearly over a larger area, achieving both near and far vision. Conductive keratoplasty Conductive keratoplasty uses radiofrequency energy to remodel the cornea through the thermal contraction of collagen. RF is actually an electric current, and the human cornea is an electrical resistance. When the electric current passes through the resistance, it generates heat, and since the corneal tissue is very uniform, the heat generated by RF is also very uniform, so that it can be heated simultaneously and uniformly at different depths of the cornea, and the collagen rises to the same temperature and produces the same degree of degeneration. The biological effect of conductive keratoplasty on the cornea is to create four zones in the cornea through the wrinkling of the peripheral cornea: the corneal apex, the steep zone around the apex, the treatment zone zone and the flat zone around it. The formation of these four zones steepens the central cornea, increasing the refractive power of the cornea on the one hand, and increases the spherical aberration of the cornea, increasing the depth of focus of the refractive system of the eye and allowing a degree of compensation of the accommodation function in presbyopic patients. Femtosecond Laser INTRACOR INTRACOR uses a femtosecond laser to make multi-layered circular cuts in the stroma of the mid-periphery of the cornea, forming many precise and tiny circular structures, causing the corneal stroma to form microscopic holes and become loose, and the central cornea to expand slightly forward under the action of intraocular pressure, thereby increasing the refractive power of the cornea. The surgery does not make any cuts to the cornea, but only numerous tiny discontinuous cuts inside the stroma to ensure the integrity of the corneal structure, making the surgery minimally invasive or even non-invasive. Although the share of presbyopia surgery in refractive surgery is still small and far from being compared with myopia surgery, the aging of China’s population is showing accelerated development, and by 2030, China’s population over 65 years of age will exceed that of Japan and become the world’s most aging country. With the improvement of China’s economy and living standards, presbyopia surgery will meet the desire of more and more middle-aged and elderly people to remove their presbyopic glasses. Presbyopia, commonly known as presbyopia, is a physiological process that human beings must go through in their lifetime. Whether myopic, orthoptic or hyperopic, presbyopia will inevitably appear to varying degrees above the age of 45. As the population ages and the quality of life of the elderly increases, the problem of presbyopia is becoming more and more of a concern. Traditionally, the correction of presbyopia is solved by wearing presbyopic glasses, from the earliest single-light glasses to the later emergence of bifocals, trifocals and progressive multifocal glasses, especially progressive multifocal glasses with continuous changes of near, middle and far distance focus, which can basically meet the various needs of presbyopia patients. However, more and more middle-aged and elderly people are now making higher demands on their lives and want to take off their pesky presbyopic glasses, firstly because it is indeed inconvenient to wear them, and secondly because the process of wearing presbyopic glasses that keep deepening means the process of aging, which is unacceptable to many middle-aged people who are very young at heart. People want to turn to methods other than glasses to solve the problem of presbyopia, so presbyopia surgery was born. Some of the more mature presbyopia surgeries are excimer laser surgery, conductive keratoplasty, and femtosecond laser INTRACOR. Excimer laser surgery There are two main means of correcting presbyopia with excimer laser surgery: one is through monocular vision, where the dominant eye obtains the best corrected distance vision for seeing far away, and the non-dominant eye undercorrects by a certain number of degrees for seeing close up clearly. Monocular vision is easily achieved through excimer laser surgery, with good predictability and very precise postoperative results as long as accurate preoperative optometry is performed. Another means is to increase the depth of focus, which is designed during surgery with a specialized presbyopic cutting procedure to increase the forward spherical aberration of the cornea after surgery, so that objects can be seen more clearly over a larger area, achieving both near and far vision. Conductive keratoplasty Conductive keratoplasty uses radiofrequency energy to remodel the cornea through the thermal contraction of collagen. RF is actually an electric current, and the human cornea is an electrical resistance. When the electric current passes through the resistance, it generates heat, and since the corneal tissue is very uniform, the heat generated by RF is also very uniform, so that it can be heated simultaneously and uniformly at different depths of the cornea, and the collagen rises to the same temperature and produces the same degree of degeneration. The biological effect of conductive keratoplasty on the cornea is to create four zones in the cornea through the wrinkling of the peripheral cornea: the corneal apex, the steep zone around the apex, the treatment zone zone and the flat zone around it. The formation of these four zones steepens the central cornea, increasing the refractive power of the cornea on the one hand, and increases the spherical aberration of the cornea, increasing the depth of focus of the refractive system of the eye and allowing a degree of compensation of the accommodation function in presbyopic patients. Femtosecond Laser INTRACOR INTRACOR uses a femtosecond laser to make multi-layered circular cuts in the stroma of the mid-periphery of the cornea, forming many precise and tiny circular structures, causing the corneal stroma to form microscopic holes and become loose, and the central cornea to expand slightly forward under the action of intraocular pressure, thereby increasing the refractive power of the cornea. The surgery does not make any cuts to the cornea, but only numerous tiny discontinuous cuts inside the stroma to ensure the integrity of the corneal structure, making the surgery minimally invasive or even non-invasive. Although the share of presbyopia surgery in refractive surgery is still small and far from being compared with myopia surgery, the aging of China’s population is showing accelerated development, and by 2030, China’s population over 65 years of age will exceed that of Japan and become the world’s most aging country. With the improvement of China’s economy and living standards, presbyopia surgery will meet the desire of more and more middle-aged and elderly people to remove their presbyopic glasses.