I. Burns The following should be done for children with burns: 1. Children with burns have clothing attached to the affected area, to peel off the attachment. If the clothing is attached to the child’s skin, never forcibly tear off. 2, rinse with cold water to cool the affected area for about 15 minutes or use ice on the affected area. 3.Do not use any ointment or medicine to apply to the affected area, only cover all the affected area with sterile gauze to avoid infection. 4.Elevate the burned part of the child so that the blood flow to the affected area is reduced. 5.If the injury is more serious, the child should be laid flat on the bed and the child’s lower limbs should be elevated so that the child’s head tilts to one side to ensure blood flow to the vital organs inward and prevent the child from going into shock. Second, bruises should do the following for children with bruises: 1, the child is not very serious bruises, the affected area does not appear swollen or difficult to move and other symptoms, you can bruise the skin for an hour or so of cold compresses. 2, if the wound bleeds, use a piece of sterilized cotton pad or toilet paper to compress the wound for more than ten minutes. If the wound is not large, after stopping the bleeding, wash the affected area with cold boiling water and cover the affected area with a Band-Aid. 3, if the wound is large, or bruises may have tetanus bacillus, children should be taken to the hospital immediately to treat the wound, if necessary, to inject tetanus antitoxin to prevent the occurrence of tetanus. 4, if the symptoms are more serious, the affected area appears swollen or difficult to move, or the bruised part is the head or chest, especially when there is dizziness, vomiting, loss of consciousness, yellowish fluid or blood flowing from the ears and nose, the child must be immediately sent to the hospital for treatment. Third, sprains should do the following for children with sprains: 1, the sprained child lying flat on the bed. Elevate the affected area and apply a cold compress to reduce the swelling of the affected area. 2.Place cotton on the affected area, and then use bandages to tie up the affected area and section, be careful not to make the bandages too tight, which is not conducive to blood circulation. 3, do not touch the injured joint. If the child’s affected area has a deformity or severe pain, it means that the child’s condition is not limited to sprains, but may have fractures, so it should be sent to the hospital immediately for treatment. Parents should do the following for children with burns: 1. They should immediately flush with cold water for more than 15 minutes to lower the local temperature, reduce further damage to the trauma, and reduce pain. 2.If blistered, small blisters can be left untreated. For soy-sized blisters, if the trauma is also shallow, the blisters can be cut with sterile scissors and dried with sterile cotton balls or gauze. To avoid infection, it is best to go to the hospital for further treatment. 3, because children’s skin is particularly delicate, poor tolerance, burns are often more serious, more prone to infection caused by comorbidities. Therefore, it is best not to self-medicate, should go to the hospital as soon as possible. Wrong treatment: 1.Smear the wound with sesame oil, soy sauce. 2.Use toothpaste to smear the wound. 3.Apply ointment without the guidance of a doctor. V. Cut wounds Parents should do the following for children with cut wounds: 1. The wound is not deep, just a small amount of bleeding from cut skin, just clean the affected area well with water (or light salt water) and soap, disinfect it and cover the affected area with a band-aid or sterilized gauze, which prevents wound infection. In the cleaning of the wound to ensure that all the spoils from the wound washed out. 2. Do not cover the wound with cotton or other lint-like material, as they will stick to the wound and prevent the wound from healing; 3. Make sure the wound is well ventilated when dressing it, and do not dress it too tightly. 4.Change the dressing once a day, at night you can expose the affected area to the air, which is conducive to the healing of the wound. 5.When the wound is serious, quickly send the child to the hospital to ask the doctor to deal with. Heatstroke When children suffer from heatstroke, their body temperature can increase to more than 40℃, with dry skin, flushed face, no sweating, dizziness, thirst, nausea, vomiting, irritability, and mental confusion. Some lose a lot of salt due to excessive sweating, causing muscle pain and even cramps, and in severe cases, there can be seizures, coma, blood pressure drop, skin bleeding, etc. Parents should do the following for children with heatstroke: 1. When children have heatstroke, parents can use cold water, ice or alcohol to rub the body, or bathe with warm water that is 3-5°C below body temperature. Or put ice packs in the armpits and groin of the affected child, and give the child into cold drinks to try to bring the body temperature down to below 38°C. 2.Try to lower the room temperature. 3.Let children drink more water. Children can be given Huo Xiang Zheng Qi capsules and other heatstroke medication. 4. Send the seriously ill to the hospital quickly for treatment. Insects entering the ear canal Insects and other biological foreign bodies often enter the external ear canal when children are sleeping. Insects can cause pain and unawareness in children due to crawling and stirring, which can lead to crying, irritability, occasional vertigo and tinnitus, and in severe cases, damage to the tympanic membrane, affecting hearing. Parents should do the following for children whose insects have entered the ear canal: 1. Use alcohol or oil drops to drown the insects in the external ear canal, then fix the child to make good use of ear tweezers to remove them, and then use cotton swabs to wipe the ear canal. 2. If it is difficult to remove the insects by this method, the child should be sent to the hospital immediately. Parents should do the following for children with foreign bodies in their eyes: 1. Carefully observe whether the foreign body is implanted in the eye. 2. 2. If the foreign body is not implanted in the child’s eye, the mother can turn over the child’s eye face, let the child look down, and gently poke the foreign body away with a sterilized cotton swab. 3. If the foreign body is implanted in the eye, do not move it, cover the child’s injured eye with a sterile gauze pad and fix it with gauze or cloth, and seek medical attention immediately. Nine, foreign bodies in the nose children have foreign bodies in the nose, if not removed in a timely manner, may lead to children’s breathing difficulties, or even suffocation. Parents should do the following for children with foreign bodies in the nose: 1. When an animal foreign body enters, it may be anesthetized with 1% dicaine and then removed with nasal pliers. 2, larger foreign body into the hospital, should be immediately sent to the emergency. Ten, shock Shock is a very dangerous symptom, if the patient fails to get timely treatment, can be fatal. Parents should do the following for children in shock: 1, must try to get in touch with the hospital as soon as possible, or ask a doctor to come to the emergency. 2.Let the child lie flat. Except for those with head trauma, pay attention to let him take the head low and feet high position to increase the brain has enough blood supply, otherwise once the brain is deprived of oxygen for 3-4 minutes, it will cause permanent damage to the brain. 3, pay attention to ensure that the child’s airway is open. Never give children hot compresses because it will make the blood flow out of the organs in the body rapidly and cause danger. 4.Check the child’s pulse at all times and pay close attention to the changes in the child’s condition. XI. Convulsions Convulsions are a sudden onset of symptoms caused by abnormal brain reactivity, where the patient has a short period of generalized convulsions or localized limb twitching. The child may cry loudly before the onset of convulsions, followed by loss of consciousness, generalized purple coloring, simultaneous breath-holding, and rhythmic flexion and trembling of the limbs a few seconds later, which may be accompanied by incontinence. This symptom may last for several minutes. Parents should do the following for the child with convulsions: 1. Have the child lie flat on his back with his head to one side to prevent the tongue from falling and oral secretions from refluxing and blocking the trachea. 2. 2. Fill a towel or handkerchief between the upper and lower teeth to prevent biting the tongue. 3.Give physical cooling to the head. Children who take drugs by mistake may experience burning sensation, chest tightness, panic, pale face, purple lips, difficulty in breathing, drop in blood pressure, or even unconsciousness within seconds or minutes after taking the drug. Fixed erythema (purplish-red round or oval, often with central colonization) with fever within minutes or hours of drug administration. Sudden onset of nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, drowsiness and other symptoms. The correct treatment principles are rapid expulsion, reduction of absorption, timely detoxification, and symptomatic treatment.