OVERVIEW
OVERVIEW
Pulmonary eosinophilia refers to a group of lung diseases characterized by abnormal proliferation and infiltration of Langerhans cells. It is relatively rare, closely related to smoking, and mostly presents with a benign and prolonged course.
Are you insured?
Yes
Department
Respiratory Medicine
Synonyms
Pulmonary Langerhans’ Disease, Pulmonary Eosinophilic Infiltrate Syndrome, Pulmonary Eosinophilic Infiltrate Disease
Clinical symptoms
Dry cough, dyspnea, fever, malaise, weight loss, etc.
Hazards
There may be repeated episodes of pneumothorax, and pulmonary fibrosis may occur in the late stage, and in severe cases, chronic pulmonary heart disease and respiratory failure may develop.
Complications
Pneumothorax, pulmonary heart disease, etc.
Examination
X-ray, CT, bronchoalveolar lavage, pulmonary function test, bronchoscopy, etc.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis is made on the basis of medical history, dry cough, dyspnea, fever, malaise and other manifestations, combined with X-ray, CT, bronchoalveolar lavage and other examinations.
Treatment principle
Symptomatic treatment, immunomodulatory treatment.
Curability
Active treatment can improve the symptoms.
Dietary recommendations
Normal diet.
Etiology
Etiology
The cause is unclear and may be related to viral infections, smoking, and other factors.
Symptoms and Diagnosis
Typical symptoms
Most of the symptoms are dry cough and dyspnea, which may be accompanied by fever, weight loss, malaise, night sweats, loss of appetite, hemoptysis and chest pain.
Diagnostic basis
1. History of smoking.2. Dry cough, dyspnea, fever, weight loss, malaise, etc. 3. X-ray examination shows diffuse reticular nodular shadows with multiple small cystic cavities or annular shadows, which are often distributed in the upper lung field.4. CT examination shows irregular cystic cavity structures with thin-walled and thick-walled mesenchymal nodules, which are distributed in the upper lung field.5. Lung function tests often show mixed ventilation and dysfunction with gas exchange disorders.6. Pulmonary function tests often show mixed ventilation dysfunction with gas exchange disorders.6. Bronchoalveolar lavage with an increased positive rate of Langerhans cells is important for diagnosis.
Treatment
Therapeutic approach
Symptomatic treatment, immunomodulatory treatment.
Drug therapy
1. Hormonal therapy can be applied to those whose lung lesions are mainly nodular or reticular nodular changes, such as prednisone. 2. Immunomodulatory drugs are commonly used, such as cyclosporine, interferon and deoxyadenosine. 3.
Radiotherapy
Patients with multiple organ involvement or progressive disease that does not respond to glucocorticoid therapy can be treated with chemotherapeutic agents such as vincristine, etoposide, mercaptopurine and methotrexate.
Prognosis
Asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic patients have a better prognosis, especially after the cessation of smoking, the condition can improve on its own; those with progressive disease progression and multi-system involvement have a poorer prognosis.
Nursing care
Daily care
1. Environment: Provide patients with a quiet and comfortable environment, keep the indoor air fresh and clean, and pay attention to ventilation. 2. Rest and exercise: Live a regular life and combine work and rest. If the condition permits, the amount of daily activity can be gradually increased in a planned manner.3. Psychological care to lift concerns, enhance confidence, maintain an optimistic attitude, learn to self-adjustment, to avoid bad moods triggering or exacerbating the condition.4. Life care to develop good habits, those who are addicted to smoking should quit smoking.
Dietary care
Normal diet.