Korsakov syndrome was first reported by the Russian psychiatrist Korsakoff after whom the syndrome is named. It presents with selective cognitive dysfunction, including near-event amnesia, temporal and spatial orientation deficits, without generalized diminished intelligence. It is also known as organic amnesia syndrome. Diagnosis of Korsakoff syndrome: The diagnosis of a typical Korsakoff syndrome is not difficult. The diagnosis of Korsakoff syndrome can be made when the consciousness is clear and there is significant memory impairment, but the other cognitive functions remain basically intact; in cases of mild memory impairment, special tests are used to detect it. The scores on the WAIS were at least 20-30 points lower than normal. According to the ICD-10 classification, there are two major categories of ethanol toxicity and non-ethanol toxicity. 1, non-ethanol toxicity Korsakoff syndrome diagnosis basis This syndrome is classified as organic amnesia syndrome. (1) The presence of memory impairment, manifested as impaired near memory and impaired ability to learn new information. (2) Prograde and retrograde amnesia, as evidenced by a decreased ability to recall past experiences from near to far. (3) History or basis of traumatic brain injury or disease (especially damage to bilateral mesencephalic and medial temporal lobe structures). (4) Immediate recall is not impaired (e.g., with numerical breadth tests), and there is no impairment of attention, awareness, or general intelligence. (5) Occasionally, fictitiousness, lack of self-awareness, and mood changes (apathy, lack of initiation) are present, but these symptoms are not necessary for the diagnosis. (2) Diagnosis of ethanol toxicity Korsakoff syndrome is based on (1) memory impairment of near memory (learning new material); temporal perception impairment (rearranging the chronology of events, compressing several recurring events into one, etc.). (2) No impairment of immediate recall, impairment of consciousness, or extensive cognitive impairment. (3) History or objective basis for chronic (especially high dose) ethanol or drug use. (4) Personality changes with significant indifference, lack of motivation, and a tendency toward self-neglect may be present but are not necessary for diagnosis.