Traumatic brain injury is a craniocerebral injury caused by direct or indirect violence to the brain. Traumatic brain injury can be due to the nature of violence, the point of action and the direction of violence, the size of the different clinical results, so traumatic brain injury according to the progress of the disease process is divided into acute, subacute and chronic; according to the degree of violence caused by the destruction of the skull is divided into the degree of open and closed; according to the direction of violence can be divided into the impact point of injury and the impact of the injury; according to the nature of the violence can be divided into the direct and indirect injuries, and so on. In fact, the types of injuries seen in clinical practice are more complex, and often the violence does not simply cause damage to the skull or brain tissue, and sometimes more than one tissue can be involved at the same time, only that the degree of damage to various tissues is not equal. Generally speaking, traumatic brain injury causes acute symptoms in the majority of cases, the clinical manifestations are more obvious, often in the parts of the brain tissue damage concentrated in the force is more serious, even after the disease recovery, there will be a variety of complications and sequelae, traumatic brain atrophy is one of the sequelae. 1. Clinical manifestations In the period of sequelae of craniocerebral injury, in addition to some localized symptoms such as hemiparesis, aphasia, sensory disorder, dysphagia, vision loss, mental retardation, seizures and other manifestations, there may be headache, dizziness, tinnitus, hyperhidrosis, insomnia, palpitation, emotional instability and other functional symptoms, and a small number of patients may also develop into traumatic dementia. Generally, functional symptoms occur in some patients with concussion or mild cerebral contusion, while mental retardation and seizures are often the residual symptoms of traumatic brain injury such as severe cerebral contusion, subdural (extradural) hematoma, and open cerebral penetrating injury. 2.Assistant examination Brain atrophy caused by traumatic brain injury is mainly manifested by limited cerebral cortical atrophy, which is easy to diagnose due to clear etiology. Imaging examination has diagnostic value. CT and MRI can show deepening of the sulcus on the sick side, enlargement of the subarachnoid space, enlargement of the ventricle in diffuse cerebral atrophy, and sometimes arachnoid cysts, brain penetrating deformity, hydrocephalus, subdural hematoma or effusion, etc. EEG often shows localized cerebral atrophy on the affected side, which is the main manifestation of cerebral atrophy. Electroencephalogram often shows abnormal localized brain waves on the affected side and epileptiform discharges. 3.Treatment and prognosis Conservative treatment is the mainstay, such as choosing drugs to improve nerve cell metabolism and promote blood circulation. If mechanical compression of brain tissue by old hematoma, cyst or hydrocephalus is found, surgery can be taken to remove it in time. When encountering frequent epileptic seizures, phenytoin sodium 0.1-0.2g 3 times a day, sodium valproate 0.25g 3 times a day, carbamazepine 0.1-0.2 3 times a day can be chosen to be taken, and generally the condition is stabilized, that is, the symptoms are relatively fixed and less progressive development.