Ovarian cysts are cystic masses in the ovary without a solid component. Ovarian cysts are common and frequent in women of childbearing age. In terms of etiology, they can be either physiological or pathological. The so-called physiological cysts are mainly follicular cysts and luteal cysts, which are formed during follicular development and luteal absorption after ovulation. Most of these ovarian cysts are less than 5 cm in diameter and can usually be absorbed naturally without further treatment. The other type of pathological ovarian cyst is actually an ovarian tumor, which once suspected clinically requires further surgery to remove and clarify the type of tumor through pathological examination. Therefore, some women are afraid that ovarian cysts are tumors once they are found and it is inappropriate to consider surgery. It is inappropriate to consider surgery. A detailed history, symptoms, ultrasound, radiology (abdominal X-ray, CT) and tumor marker examination should be performed to distinguish the type of cyst. If physiological cyst is considered, it can be observed for 3 months, and if the tumor shrinks or disappears, the diagnosis can be verified and the trauma of surgery can be avoided; if ovarian tumor is considered, surgery should be performed.