The causes of proteinuria are divided into two categories: physiologic and pathologic. Physiological ones usually do not need special treatment; pathological ones, such as diabetic nephropathy and membranous nephropathy, etc., treatment includes general treatment and medication.
1. Physiological: proteinuria may occur after strenuous exercise or consuming a lot of high protein food, and it will usually return to normal after rest and diet control, so no special treatment is needed.
2. Pathologic: including diabetic nephropathy, membranous nephropathy and so on. Diabetic nephropathy is one of the most common microvascular complications of diabetes mellitus, general treatment includes low salt, low fat, diabetic diet, etc. Commonly used therapeutic drugs such as chlorsartan, captopril, metformin, dagliflozin.
Membranous nephropathy is one of the common pathological types of nephrotic syndrome, and the general treatment includes low-salt, low-fat, high-quality protein diet, avoiding the factors of renal injury such as preventing and treating colds, avoiding exertion, etc.; medication includes ACEI/ARB drugs (e.g., valsartan, enalapril, etc.), hormones (e.g., prednisone, etc.), immunosuppressant drugs (e.g., tacrolimus, etc.).
Proteinuria should be treated in a timely manner under the guidance of a medical doctor to identify the cause and follow the doctor’s instructions. Drugs should be used under the guidance of a doctor, do not self-medicate.