What are the clinical manifestations of functional gastrointestinal disease?

  Functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) are a group of gastrointestinal dysfunction syndromes that refer to a variety of persistent or recurrent gastrointestinal symptoms that cannot be explained by structural or biochemical abnormalities, including those that may be caused by the pharynx, esophagus, stomach, biliary tract, small intestine, large intestine, and anus. the incidence of FGIDs is high, reaching 23.5%-74% in the general population and 42%-61% in gastrointestinal specialty clinics. FGIDs are increasing year by year and are the main diseases that have led to changes in the spectrum of digestive diseases in recent years.  FGIDS has the following clinical features 1. high incidence, presumably second only to upper respiratory tract infections; 2. complex pathophysiological mechanisms. It is not fully understood; 3. Chronic onset, recurrent symptoms or chronic prolongation, the duration of the disease can reach several years to decades; 4. Diverse symptoms, but the systemic condition is not affected; 5. Most of them are accompanied by neuropsychiatric symptoms, such as insomnia, anxiety, depression, fear and suspicion, but are not psychological diseases; 6.  Functional gastrointestinal disorders are characterized by complaints of abdominal pain, bloating, diarrhea and constipation with generalized neurological symptoms. The general condition is good, without wasting and fever, and the systemic examination only reveals abdominal pressure or no positive signs. Multiple fecal routine and culture were negative (at least 3 times), and fecal occult blood test was negative. Barium enema showed no correlative findings or irritation of the colon. Fiberoptic colonoscopy showed hyperactive intestinal motility in some patients without obvious mucosal abnormalities, and histological examination was basically normal. Blood and urine routine were normal, and blood sedimentation was normal. There was no history of parasitic diseases such as dysentery and schistosomiasis, and experimental treatment was ineffective.