According to the relevant expert statistics, the concept of functional gastrointestinal disease is very unfamiliar to people, and the knowledge about the disease is very lacking.
Functional gastrointestinal disease is a functional syndrome of the digestive system caused by the interaction of physiological, psychological and social factors, and in the group of patients, generally 18 to 30 years old is the most prevalent group, and it is believed that the occurrence of the disease is related to excessive study or work pressure and fast pace of life, and more women than men. According to the survey data, 34.3% of the patients attending gastroenterology clinics are diagnosed with functional gastrointestinal disease, while less than a quarter of the patients with functional gastrointestinal disease actively seek treatment from specialists.
The clinical manifestations of functional gastrointestinal disease are mainly symptoms of abdominal pain, bloating, nausea, vomiting, belching, diarrhea or constipation, etc. A significant proportion of these patients also suffer from insomnia, anxiety and dizziness due to the long duration of the disease and the consistent lack of reasonable treatment. Therefore, the scientific treatment of this disease should be given great attention, and targeted treatment should be carried out in combination with psychological, spiritual, dietary and medical factors. The gastrointestinal tract is a sophisticated system, when the gastrointestinal tract has abnormal sensation and dynamics, etc., it will trigger functional gastrointestinal disease, therefore, to develop good living and eating habits, adjust their work and study rhythm, relieve all kinds of tension and stress, can effectively prevent and control functional gastrointestinal disease, when unexplained abdominal pain, bloating, nausea, belching, diarrhea or constipation and other symptoms occur, patients must not When symptoms such as unexplained abdominal pain, bloating, nausea, belching, diarrhea or constipation occur, patients should not use drugs indiscriminately, but go to the hospital in time for reasonable treatment under the guidance of doctors.
Clinical manifestations
1.Functional esophageal disease
(1) Functional heartburn Patients have burning-like retrosternal discomfort or pain.
(2) Functional chest pain of esophageal origin Patients have non-burning retrosternal pain or discomfort.
(3) Functional dysphagia The patient has abnormal sensation of solid and/or liquid food adherence, retention, or passage through the esophagus.
(4) Hysteria Patients with persistent or intermittent episodes of non-painful lumpiness or foreign body sensation in the throat, preferably in middle-aged women.
2.Functional gastroduodenal disease
(1) Functional dyspepsia
The following points or more must be met: postprandial fullness and discomfort; early satiety; epigastric pain; burning sensation in the epigastrium, with exact symptom descriptions, unlike the Rome type II diagnostic criteria that had multiple symptom expressions, including epigastric discomfort, flatulence, nausea and other symptoms, with vague diagnostic concepts, making it difficult for doctors to grasp.
(2) Belching syndrome Divided into gagging syndrome and nonspecific excessive belching, belching is often accompanied by loud noises.
(3) Nausea and vomiting
Chronic idiopathic nausea, functional vomiting and periodic vomiting syndrome. Chronic idiopathic nausea: frequent episodes, not often accompanied by vomiting; functional vomiting: vomiting an average of one or more episodes per week; periodic vomiting syndrome: repeated acute attacks of the same vomiting, but each episode, lasting no more than 1 week, the patient often has a family history or history of migraine.
(4) Regurgitation syndrome
The patient continuously or repeatedly regurgitates food that has just been eaten and swallowed shortly into the mouth, then spits it out or re-chews and swallows it, without dry vomiting before regurgitation. The patient does not have esophageal motility disorder, nor gastroesophageal reflux disease, and the 24-hour dynamic pH test of the esophagus is normal.
3.Functional enteropathy
(1) Irritable bowel syndrome is divided into 2 subtypes, namely diarrhea-based and constipation-based.
(2) Functional abdominal distension Patients with recurrent abdominal distension or visible abdominal distension are not functional dyspepsia, and most patients cannot clearly identify the site of distension, which can be observed by the naked eye or sensed by physical examination of the abdomen.
(3) Functional constipation
Patients without abdominal pain, not constipated with irritable bowel syndrome, must meet two or more of the following points: at least 25% of bowel movements feel strained, at least 25% of bowel movements are lumpy or hard, at least 25% of bowel movements feel unclean, at least 25% of bowel movements feel obstructed/blocked in the anus or rectum, and at least 25% of bowel movements need to be assisted by manipulation.
(4) Functional diarrhea At least 75% of the bowel movements are loose (pasty) or watery stools without abdominal pain.
(5) Non-specific functional bowel disease Patients with intestinal symptoms that are not due to organic disease and do not meet the diagnostic criteria for the above diseases.