Tumor is a disease with extremely high incidence. In terms of treatment, patients and their families are often prone to treatment misconceptions due to over nervousness or lack of understanding of the disease, and some misconceptions are also caused by doctors’ blind treatment. One of the misconceptions: tumor cannot be prevented and cannot be treated. Tumor has been proved to be a disease greatly influenced by environment, and its occurrence is closely related to diet structure, living habits, environmental pollution and so on. For example, with the improvement of living standard, Chinese people’s diet structure has also changed, and the incidence of colorectal cancer has increased. There are many realities that tumors are not preventable and untreatable. In fact, tumors can be prevented, and the two most important points to prevent malignant tumors are not smoking and reasonable diet. Tumor is not an incurable disease. If “three early stages” can be achieved, the treatment effect is satisfactory. For example, the cure rates of stage I cervical cancer, breast cancer, stomach cancer, esophageal cancer and nasopharyngeal cancer are above 90%; the cure rates of early choriocarcinoma and early testicular seminoma are at or near 100%. Many small hospitals do not have the conditions and equipment to carry out comprehensive tumor treatment, but they also treat tumors due to the drive of economic interests; some medical personnel of non-tumor specialists have insufficient basic theoretical knowledge and clinical experience in tumor diagnosis and treatment, but they also carry out radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Tumor is concerned with reasonable, regular and systematic comprehensive treatment, especially the first treatment often plays a decisive role in prognosis. An unregulated surgery or an unreasonably designed radiotherapy or chemotherapy program may lead to residual tumor, antagonism and drug resistance, which will bring great difficulties to the next treatment, and even eventually lead to the failure of the whole treatment. Myth No. 3: Doctors and family members conceal the disease Doctors don’t tell patients the real disease was considered as a protective measure for patients, but the consequence of doing so is that patients don’t know their disease, so they won’t actively cooperate with the treatment, especially the best time for surgery will be missed, and it is difficult to get the best effect. Some patients’ family members are afraid to let patients go to oncology specialist treatment because they are worried about the blow to their emotions after knowing their condition, and they are unwilling to carry out postoperative radiotherapy and chemotherapy after surgery, so that when tumor recurrence and metastasis are treated again, it will be too late to regret. Some patients or family members often listen to some rumors and spend a lot of money to buy the so-called “ancestral secret formula” and “single formula” that can cure all tumors. Some patients or their family members often listen to some rumors and spend a lot of money to buy the so-called “ancestral secret” and “single prescription” to cure their tumors, and even pray to God for a miracle. These “cancer treatment professionals” and “ancestral families” have not only received no formal medical education, but also have no medical knowledge at all. In the end, patients are financially constrained and their conditions become more and more complicated, so that the original curable lesions develop into incurable advanced tumors. Myth No. 5: It is impossible for tumor patients to return to the society. Although tumor can recur and metastasize, it is not a lifelong disease and can be recovered. Most patients with malignant tumor without recurrence for 5 years are equivalent to being cured. This is because, if the subclinical metastases of tumor are not eliminated, after 5 years of proliferation, they should have reached a level that can be diagnosed. If no more cancer cells are found after 5 years, the patients can be considered cured. If no more cancer cells are found after 5 years, the patients can be considered cured and they can live and work freely as normal people. Myth No. 6: Blind superstition in experts There are many excellent experts in China who have deep attainments in certain fields of tumor treatment. For example, there are specialists in surgical oncology, specialists in medical oncology who are engaged in chemotherapy, endocrine therapy, biological therapy, nutritional support therapy, and specialists in radiotherapy who are engaged in radiation therapy. Therefore, one should not blindly subscribe to a certain specialist, but choose the corresponding specialist according to the different diseases and treatment methods. Many patients and their families do not understand the metastatic and invasive characteristics of tumor, and think that surgery to remove tumor is the cure. The blind and ignorant optimism will often delay the follow-up treatment of patients. Many patients and their families hear that radiotherapy and chemotherapy have serious toxic side effects and are unwilling to accept the treatment and let the tumor develop. Although radiotherapy and chemotherapy can damage normal cells while killing cancer cells, thus causing side effects such as lowering of white blood cells, nausea and vomiting, hair loss, etc., for subclinical metastases that still exist in the body after surgery, only chemotherapy can kill them. For the various side effects of radiotherapy and chemotherapy, there are many drugs available to prevent and alleviate them. The vast majority of medical oncologists have mastered the techniques to prevent and manage the toxic side effects of radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Myth No. 8: One program or one kind of Chinese medicine can cure all tumors A certain doctor has cured a patient, so many patients tend to rush to this doctor, thinking that their diseases can also be cured by this doctor. In fact, tumor is complex, curing one patient is not equal to curing all patients, and the treatment of tumor is mostly comprehensive, and the radiotherapy and chemotherapy programs used for different tumors are generally different. In addition, there are many patients who blindly believe that a certain Chinese medicine can cure all diseases, and most of the Chinese medicines can only play an auxiliary role. The experiment results are the results of animal experiments, not the results of clinical application. This is only a kind of advertising technique of businessmen. There are differences between humans and animals, not all drugs that are effective for animals are effective for humans. Even if a certain anti-cancer achievement reported by the regular media has won the national or provincial science and technology progress award, it is still mostly in the laboratory research stage, and there is still a long way to go before clinical application. Myth No. 10: Cancer pain does not use painkillers. Pain of advanced tumor is an important issue that affects patients’ survival quality. However, many patients and their families, including even a few medical personnel, wrongly believe that patients with advanced tumor do not need painkillers as a last resort. They are worried that if they use painkillers too early, the painkillers will be ineffective when the pain worsens later; they are worried about the adverse effects of painkillers; they are worried that once they use them, they cannot stop them; they are worried about addiction and so on. Experts believe that pain relief is not beneficial, pain relief increases confidence, pain relief is safe, pain relief is not addictive, and pain relief is not extreme. In treating cancer pain, we advocate early, adequate, regular and individualized administration of drugs. It should be pointed out that the use of dulcolax is not recommended to control cancer pain at present.