There are two possibilities for esophageal wall thickening: one, the esophageal wall itself in the process of peristalsis, while perfecting the chest CT examination, a moment in time, when taking pictures can show the characteristics of the esophageal wall thickening, which is a normal manifestation of peristalsis wave, and this situation is often seen when doing chest CT, the esophageal wall can be seen to be thickened. Second, the esophagus itself lesions, if there is esophageal smooth muscle tumor, esophageal mucosa hyperplastic bulge, chronic inflammatory hyperplasia, and esophageal cancer, resulting in surface rupture, the formation of ulcers, most of the esophageal wall thickening can also occur. If this situation occurs, it is best to improve the gastroscopy examination, to further clarify the diagnosis, if necessary, to do histopathological examination to further assist in the diagnosis and treatment, according to the results of the symptomatic treatment.