H. pylori is an important causative agent in the development of gastric cancer and has been classified as a class I carcinogen (i.e., a definite carcinogen) by the World Health Organization and the International Agency for Research on Cancer in 1994. Gastric carcinogenesis may follow a pattern (Correa pattern) of superficial gastritis – atrophic gastritis – intestinal metaplasia – atypical hyperplasia – gastric cancer. The role of H. pylori in this evolutionary process is to initiate and promote the onset and development of this evolutionary process. Eradication of H. pylori can reverse mild atrophic gastritis and delay the progression of the evolutionary process of gastric cancer, thus reducing the incidence of gastric cancer. It is because H. pylori infection is closely related to the occurrence of gastric cancer that first-degree relatives of patients with gastric cancer should be tested for H. pylori infection and should receive H. pylori eradication treatment if H. pylori infection is present. A week ago I saw a 37-year-old male patient whose father had died of gastric cancer. The patient’s sister, who was less than 50 years old at the time of her death, was also found to have gastric cancer and lost her chance for treatment because it was already advanced at the time of detection. The patient came to the hospital because of frequent upper abdominal discomfort, and had already undergone a gastroscopy a year ago, the results of which showed the presence of H. pylori infection. This time, the patient sought medical help again because the symptoms could not be improved for a long time. This time, I personally did a gastroscopy for this patient, and the patient had erosion in the stomach, and the pathology indicated that the gastric mucosa had started to atrophy, and the H. pylori infection still existed, so I immediately prescribed eradication treatment for the patient, and the patient’s symptoms had started to be significantly relieved when he took the medication for a week after the follow-up. This patient is a first-degree relative of a patient with gastric cancer. He should receive H. pylori eradication treatment and must be examined after treatment to determine whether the bacteria have been eradicated. For patients with family history of gastric cancer and patients with atrophic gastritis, they should be tested and eradicated for H. pylori infection and undergo regular gastroscopy; and in life, they should pay attention to eating more fresh vegetables and fruits and have a light diet; smoked and pickled foods are not healthy, and too much salt in food is also related to the occurrence of gastric cancer; smoking is also related to the occurrence of gastric cancer. Smoking is also related to the occurrence of gastric cancer, and some studies show that passive smoking may be more harmful to the body, therefore, we should pay attention to not to actively smoke in our life, but also to stay away from smokers. For patients over 40-50 years old, when new symptoms such as upper abdominal discomfort appear or previous symptoms change, especially when there are so-called alarming symptoms such as difficulty in swallowing, anemia, black stool, unexplained weight loss, persistent vomiting, jaundice and upper abdominal mass, patients should undergo gastroscopy as soon as possible to strive for early detection of tumors and early detection, diagnosis and treatment of tumors.