The life expectancy of female pyelonephritis patients is mainly related to the specific type of pyelonephritis and the presence of other comorbidities. In case of acute pyelonephritis, patients can usually be completely cured after active anti-infection treatment, which does not affect their normal life expectancy. Chronic pyelonephritis, on the other hand, is now uncommon in clinical practice, mainly related to the improvement of people’s hygiene and medical conditions. Therefore, acute pyelonephritis should be given standardized treatment in time, otherwise it is prone to complications such as severe renal papillary necrosis and perinephric abscess, which will affect the patient’s life expectancy. If the patient is already chronic pyelonephritis, usually there have been changes in renal structure and function, and eventually by may enter chronic renal failure, after the heavy cases need dialysis treatment. However, even with dialysis treatment, the patient can survive for a longer period of time, theoretically for a long time. In conclusion, it is recommended that female patients with acute pyelonephritis should keep the perineum clean in their daily life, drink more water, urinate more often, and be actively treated in the acute stage.