Because discogenic low back pain is a symptomatic diagnosis with few objective signs and no specific biochemical indicators, it is difficult to confirm the diagnosis. The diagnostic criteria are generally considered as follows: 1. Severe lumbar, hip and thigh pain is not consistent with nerve root localization; 2. Recurrent symptoms for >6 months; 3. Conservative treatment is ineffective for at least 3 months; 4. Imaging data shows no obvious nerve root compression, no segmental instability and other definite lumbar spine diseases that cause low back pain; 5. 6. positive pain provocation test on discography, with adjacent segments as negative controls; 7. pain caused by degeneration of the synovial joints, except for closure of the synovial joint space. The most important clinical feature of discogenic lower back pain is the decreased tolerance of sitting, and the pain often intensifies in sitting position, and the patient can usually only sit for about 20 minutes. The pain is mainly located in the lower back, but sometimes it can also disperse to the lower extremities. 65% are accompanied by pain above the knee in the lower extremities, but there are no specific signs for diagnosis. MRI of the patient’s lumbar spine shows that T2-weighted images show low-signal changes (darkening of the disc) in the diseased disc, and the presence of a high-signal area behind the fibrous ring is a sensitive sign of disc tear, but cannot be used as a gold standard for specific diagnosis, because MRI can be normal in 10% to 20% of patients with disc tears. Discography is currently the most reliable means of diagnosing discogenic pain. A discography can only be considered positive if pain is induced and replicated on discography and the discography shows a tear in the annulus fibrosus; if there is only a tear in the annulus fibrosus or leakage of contrast and the patient has no induced or replicated pain, the disc may have nothing to do with the patient’s pain. The North American Society for Crestal Surgery believes that evoked discography is indicated for the diagnosis of discogenic lower back pain and that there is no other way to confirm the diagnosis of discogenic lower back pain. The International Association for the Study of Pain (IASP) criteria for the diagnosis of discogenic low back pain is that a diagnosis of discogenic lower back pain is confirmed when the patient has a structural abnormality in a patient with discogenic pain, when an evoked test of the corresponding disc can cause low back pain of a pre-existing nature in the absence of such pain in an adjacent disc evoked test, and when the patient with discogenic pain has a structural abnormality.