Urinary stones are common diseases of the urinary system, and its treatment mainly includes the following: 1. Conservative treatment At present, more than 90% of urinary stones are no longer treated by open surgery. This method is suitable for stones less than 0.6cm in diameter. Drinking a lot of water (2000-3000ml/d), Chinese herbal medicine for stone removal and moderate exercise help to eliminate them by themselves. Patients with colic are treated with pain relief and antispasmodic. In case of co-infection, anti-infection treatment is given at the same time. If the stone does not move down in six months, extracorporeal lithotripsy or minimally invasive surgery should be considered. 2.Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy is used to shatter stones outside of the body, which is suitable for single stones in the urinary tract under 2cm. 3.Minimally invasive surgery (percutaneous nephrolithotomy and ureteroscopy) Percutaneous nephrolithotomy is a technique and treatment means to remove stones and relieve obstruction through an incision of only 1cm in diameter, monitored by x-ray fluoroscopy, under the direct vision of nephrolithotomy or ureteroscopy with the help of stone extraction or lithotripsy instruments. It is especially suitable for patients with multiple stones, cast stones, pain, poor tolerance, orphan kidney, transplanted kidney, children and other stone patients. 4.Open surgery Open surgery (commonly known as “open surgery”) is suitable for patients with non-functional pus kidney, cancer caused by stones or cancer combined with stones.