There are approximately 750,000 osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCFs) in the United States each year, and one third of these vertebral fractures will develop into chronic pain. Once OVCFs occur, 20% of patients will face a new vertebral fracture in the following year. Furthermore, the kyphosis resulting from vertebral fractures has a detrimental effect on cardiopulmonary function. Therefore, treatment of OVCFs should be directed at relieving pain, restoring vertebral height to improve spinal deformity, and preventing further fractures from occurring. Traditional treatment of OVCFs includes bed rest, application of narcotic analgesics, bracing, and physical therapy. However, these conventional treatments can negatively affect muscle strength and bone quality and can lead to serious complications. Posterior kyphoplasty (PKP) for OVCFs provides immediate pain relief, stabilization of the fractured vertebrae, early mobility, and low cement leakage and height restoration of the compressed vertebral body. Figure 1 Steps of posterior kyphoplasty (PKP) Figure 2 Case of posterior kyphoplasty (PKP)