Although the annual incidence of breast cancer worldwide has increased by 8% over the past decade, the survival rate of breast cancer patients has increased by 20%, with the survival rate of early stage breast cancer patients reaching 90%. This is mainly due to two reasons, one is the increase in early diagnosis of breast cancer and the other is the advancement in treatment. Clinical practice has proven that early detection of breast cancer has a cure rate of over 90%, and the detection of an early stage breast cancer is far more significant to patients than any current treatment options. Mammography (mammography) is the most effective method to detect early breast cancer, and the main manifestations of mammography are lumpy nodular shadow and microcalcifications. About half of the breast cancers not detected on mammography are detected due to the presence of microcalcifications. Due to the dense nature of the breast, or the similarity of the lesion to the surrounding tissue, or the close proximity of the lesion to the chest wall, or the fact that the lesion is at the edge of the chest wall, X-ray can be missed. Because X-rays are harmful to the human body and young women’s breast tissue is sensitive to radiation, X-rays are not used as a routine screening tool for women under the age of 35. Recently, digital stereotactic mammography machines have not only improved the quality of images, but also allow for localized puncture biopsy of suspicious lesions, which is more conducive to the detection of early lesions. Ultrasonography is also one of the effective methods to detect early breast cancer, especially for dense breast examination. Ultrasound is also the most important complementary and doubt-relieving method to mammography. The use of high-frequency ultrasound has led to a significant improvement in image quality. The combination of ultrasound and mammography is known as the “golden combination” of breast imaging because it is not limited by the patient’s age, location, examination time or frequency. Breast ultrasound is also unique in identifying cystic solid breast masses, evaluating breast lesions in young women, guided puncture of breast masses, evaluating suspicious breast lesions after implantation of breast prosthesis, and evaluating inflammatory breast lesions for abscess formation. Clinical physical examination is also one of the effective methods to detect early breast cancer. Localized thickening of breast glands, mild indentation of breast skin, mild nipple retraction, mild edema of areola, nipple overflow, nipple erosion, and postmenopausal breast pain are all noteworthy signs, and “lump” should not be considered as an essential sign for breast cancer diagnosis. Breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has high soft tissue contrast characteristics, especially with the application of fat suppression techniques and contrast enhancement, MRI can better display tumor morphology and hemodynamic characteristics than X-rays and ultrasound. Except for the limitations of the calcified foci themselves, MRI can be used for breast examination in a variety of conditions, especially in patients with diagnostic difficulties with X-rays and ultrasound. Breast duct endoscopy is appropriate for patients with nipple discharge, which may be an early manifestation of breast cancer. The diameter of breast ductoscopy tube is 0.5-1mm, and the examination is painless. Breast duct endoscopy can clearly observe the breast duct wall and ductal secretions, detect suspicious lesions, accurately locate lesions and guide lesion biopsy to obtain a definite diagnosis. Minimally invasive breast biopsy system. Breast lesions that are not clinically palpable require imaging localization devices to guide puncture and biopsy, and accurate localization is the key to determining the success of puncture biopsy. There are two types of lesion localization systems in common use: X-ray stereotactic localization systems and ultrasound localization systems. The devices used for minimally invasive biopsy are mainly divided into two categories: fine needles and hollow core needles. The specimen obtained by fine needle aspiration is cellular and the specimen volume is small, which has limitations in diagnosing breast masses and can only provide cytological diagnosis and cannot distinguish pathologically between carcinoma in situ and invasive carcinoma. The specimens obtained by hollow-core needle aspiration biopsy are tissues and obtain a histological diagnosis that can distinguish between in situ and invasive carcinoma, but the volume of biopsy specimens is also an important factor affecting the diagnostic accuracy. Recently, a directional vacuum-assisted breast biopsy device can be used for continuous directional biopsy, and multiple tissue specimens can be obtained from a single puncture, which is easy to operate. Although nearly 70% of breast cancer patients are detected by self-examination, self-examination alone cannot improve the early diagnosis of breast cancer. For some breast cancers with less obvious clinical lumps or small lumps, breast cancers with lumps not yet formed, and patients with lump-like hyperplasia in the breast at the same time, it is difficult to be detected by self-examination. Many women would rather spend thousands of dollars on beauty care than on breast cancer detection, which costs hundreds of dollars, but this is a misconception.