Patients who cannot stand chemotherapy for the 1st time after esophageal cancer surgery may have poor tolerance to the adverse reactions of chemotherapeutic drugs. Chemotherapeutic drugs usually have more serious adverse reactions, and some patients with lower tolerance may have stronger adverse reactions, such as vomiting, severe nausea, abdominal distension and pain, as well as anemia symptoms such as headache, fatigue, dizziness, and so on, which may lead to the emergence of the situation that the patient can not bear it after chemotherapy. When patients can not stand chemotherapy, their family members should accompany and guide them appropriately, and at the same time use anti-emetic and anti-allergic drugs under the doctor’s guidance to alleviate the pain, and if the condition is serious, reduce the dosage or stop the drugs under the doctor’s guidance. After esophageal cancer surgery, patients should not give up when they can’t stand chemotherapy for the first time, and should go to the hospital for treatment in time when they feel uncomfortable, and should not be discouraged and take active treatment so as to avoid delaying their condition.