The arterial catheter was originally a normal blood flow channel between the pulmonary artery and the aorta during fetal life. Due to pulmonary respiratory dysfunction at this time, pulmonary blood from the right ventricle enters the descending aorta via the catheter, while blood from the left ventricle enters the ascending aorta. After birth, the lungs expand and assume the function of gas exchange, and the pulmonary circulation and the body circulation each perform their own functions, and soon the ducts close by choice due to disuse. If the ductus arteriosus persists and does not close, the ductus arteriosus becomes unclosed. Surgery should be performed to interrupt the blood flow. Ductus arteriosus is a relatively common congenital cardiovascular malformation, accounting for 12% to 15% of all congenital heart disease, and is about twice as common in women as in men. Other cardiovascular malformations are present in approximately 10% of cases. The clinical manifestations of ductus arteriosus depend on the amount of blood flowing from the aorta to the pulmonary artery, as well as the degree of secondary pulmonary hypertension. In mild cases, there may be no significant symptoms, while in severe cases heart failure may occur. Common symptoms include palpitations after exertion, shortness of breath, weakness, susceptibility to respiratory tract infections and growth retardation. In advanced pulmonary hypertension, cyanosis of the lower half of the body may occur when a reverse shunt is produced. On physical examination of arteriovenous ductus arteriosus, the typical sign is a loud continuous machine-like murmur with tremor heard between the 2nd ribs at the left border of the sternum. The 2nd pulmonary artery sound is hyperactive, but often masked by the loud murmur. In large fractional flows, a diastolic murmur due to relative mitral stenosis can be heard in the apical region. Blood pressure measurements show that systolic pressure is mostly in the normal range, while diastolic pressure decreases, resulting in a widening of pulse pressure and a watery pulse and gunshot sound in the vessels of the extremities. In infants and children, only a systolic murmur may be heard. In late pulmonary hypertension, the murmur may be more variable and may be replaced by a systolic murmur only, or by a diastolic murmur with incomplete pulmonary valve closure. After the diagnosis of arterial ductus incompetence is established, if there are no contraindications, surgery should be performed opportunistically to interrupt the blood flow at the duct. The majority of patients with patent ductus arteriosus can now be cured by transcatheter intervention (Amplatzer mushroom cap or spring coil closure). Open sutures may be considered for overly large, or premature, ductus arteriosus. In recent years, premature infants with respiratory distress syndrome due to unclosed ductus arteriosus can be treated with pro-ductal closure medications first, and if the results are poor, surgical treatment can be advocated. Arterial catheter closure surgery is usually performed before school age. If the fractional flow is large and the symptoms are severe, surgery should be performed earlier. The risk of surgery increases with the onset of pulmonary hypertension at an older age, and the outcome is poor. Surgery should be postponed in cases of bacterial endarteritis; however, if the infection is not adequately controlled by medication, surgery should still be pursued and the infection is often quickly controlled by continued postoperative medication.