Congenital valve lesions are less common and are mainly congenital mitral stenosis, mitral valve insufficiency, pulmonary stenosis, aortic stenosis, aortic valvular diastasis, tricuspid stenosis, and tricuspid atresia. Here we focus on mitral and aortic valve lesions that require valve replacement surgery. 1, congenital aortic valve lesions congenital aortic valve lesions mainly for the aortic valve stenosis, can occur in the valve parts, can also occur on the valve or subvalvular, so called the aortic stenosis, accounting for about 5% of congenital heart disease, male prevalence, male to female ratio of 4:1. aortic valve stenosis is the most common. The normal aortic valve is composed of 3 lobes, and the valve in congenital aortic valve lesions is often 2-lobed, single-lobed, or 3- or 4-lobed malformations. The valve junction is easily adherent, leaving only a narrow orifice, and the valve leaflets are often fibrotic and thickened, with long-term valve lesions leading to incomplete valve closure. Subaortic stenosis can be of 3 types: membranous stenosis, tubular stenosis, and myocardial obstruction. Supra-aortic stenosis is less common and is associated with mental retardation in some patients. In patients with mild aortic stenosis, symptoms are not obvious and there are no obvious changes in various cardiac examinations, they can be followed up regularly and closely observed, and then surgically treated when the disease progresses rapidly; in patients with severe stenosis, angina pectoris, syncope, congestive heart failure, and infective endocarditis can occur, and death can often result from congestive heart failure, arrhythmia, and bacterial endocarditis. Therefore, if clinical symptoms exist, if medical treatment is ineffective, or if the pressure step difference between the left ventricle and the upper part of the aortic stenosis exceeds 50 mmHg, surgery should be performed as soon as possible to prevent sudden death. 2, congenital mitral valve lesions Congenital mitral valve lesions are rare and can be manifested as mitral stenosis or incomplete closure due to leaflet junction adhesions, overly long or short tendon cords, and papillary muscle fusion. The clinical manifestations are the same as those of rheumatic heart disease, and symptoms such as post-exertional panic and shortness of breath may occur. If the symptoms are obvious and the secondary changes in the heart are large, surgical treatment should be performed. This can be done by valve plication or replacement.