Hypertension and diabetes are closely related to kidney disease Currently, the incidence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is increasing year by year. According to the results of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), the prevalence of CKD in the United States was 11.3% in 2006, while the NHANES data just released in 2009 showed that patients with CKD 1-4 accounted for 13.1% of the entire U.S. population. In just three years, the rate of increase has risen by nearly 2%, which is very alarming. Paying attention to this disease has become the focus of attention of experts and society. China started late in the field of clinical epidemiological research on kidney disease, according to incomplete statistics, Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou, part of the population sample survey shows that the prevalence of kidney disease in China is between 10-11%, some rich rural areas in Zhejiang Province, the highest, up to 14%. Chronic kidney disease is a continuously progressive disease. Once chronic renal impairment is entered, the disease often continues to develop irreversibly until uremia, that is, once the disease, in addition to the very early detection and strict comprehensive treatment of patients with a very small number of reversals, the vast majority of patients are unlikely to completely improve, their treatment can only delay the degree of kidney damage, slowing the pace of uremia. However, because kidney disease is often insidious, less than 1% of the people with uremia go to the hospital to receive treatment, and the remaining 90% of people do not know their condition. Uremic patients are not only suffering themselves, but also a heavy burden to the society and their families. Therefore, we should pay attention to early kidney disease. Maybe, we have a question, what kind of people are more likely to suffer from kidney disease? This question, in Europe and America and Asian countries, the composition of the population is not exactly the same. In the United States, diabetes accounts for the largest proportion of dialysis patients with chronic renal insufficiency, about 45%-50%, followed by hypertension, about 27%, and then polycystic kidney, chronic nephritis and other diseases. In China, the highest incidence is nephritis, which accounts for about 40%, followed by hypertension, and then diabetes. But with the continuous improvement of living standards, hypertension, diabetes accounted for a larger and larger proportion of the industry is bound to step into the developed countries. The preliminary survey in recent years has a clear trend. This shows that, on the one hand, hypertension is an important cause of kidney disease, which can lead to hypertensive nephropathy and eventually into uremia. On the other hand, various primary kidney diseases can in turn cause hypertension known as renal hypertension, which often presents clinically with abnormalities such as edema, hematuria, proteinuria and renal function impairment. Renal hypertension has the highest incidence among secondary hypertension, especially in young people. Unfortunately, most patients fail to detect renal disease in time when hypertension is detected, thus losing the best time for early treatment. In addition, diabetic nephropathy combined with hypertension can reach 60% to 70%, therefore, hypertension is not only a common cause of kidney disease, but also an important complication and inducing aggravating factor. Efficient and smooth lowering of blood pressure to normal level is an important measure to protect the kidney and delay the deterioration of kidney function, which should be highly valued by medical workers and patients. The future of chronic diseases in China – kidney disease At present, it is popular in the medical community that after the 21st century, due to the rapid growth of obesity, diabetes and hypertension, Asian countries such as China and India will make a “huge contribution to the world of kidney disease “. China as the world’s most populous country, with economic development and social progress, the incidence of diabetes and hypertension in China is increasing, recent data show that China’s hypertension patients in 2002 has more than 160 million, and diabetes patients in 2008 preliminary estimates of 40 million people, 30% to 50% of these two types of diseases will develop over 10 to 30 years to chronic kidney disease. In other words, it is expected that in 10-30 years at the latest, kidney diseases caused by diabetes and hypertension will also dominate in China. However, we do not pay enough attention to kidney diseases nowadays, many units do not check urine routine during physical examinations, and many patients with hypertension and diabetes are not routinely screened for urine routine or nephropathy index, resulting in many early kidney diseases not being detected. When detected, many of them have already entered the stage of uremia, which shows that the development trend of kidney disease is not only less and narrower, but also becomes a chronic “killer” like hypertension and diabetes, which sneaks into our body and becomes a potential crisis of chronic diseases in the future. Experts recommend that patients with kidney disease should first quit smoking and exercise; they should pay attention to their diet and eat light, low-salt food. Do not eat foods with high purine content, such as animal offal; in work should pay attention to the combination of work and rest. Most importantly, blood pressure should be strictly controlled. In case of simple hypertension without target organ damage, blood pressure should be controlled below 140/90 mm Hg. If there is target organ damage, such as proteinuria, blood pressure should be strictly controlled at 130/80 mm Hg, or even below 120/75 mm if the patient can tolerate it. Appeal: national fitness control blood pressure to prevent kidney disease Nowadays, the incidence of kidney disease caused by diabetes and hypertension is very high, but the rate of awareness and medical control is very low. In response to this situation, Director Fu said: At present, chronic kidney disease is already a serious challenge to China’s health, the government should pay great attention to this problem, should have a very clear understanding of the current situation of kidney disease in China, increase investment and strengthen publicity. Secondly, doctors who are not specialists in nephrology should also pay high attention to this issue, and should pay attention to urine examination to detect problems early and refer them to specialists for treatment as early as possible. Necessary training should be provided to community doctors to have the awareness of paying attention to kidney disease. The treatment strategy for chronic kidney disease should be shifted forward to low-cost and effective early diagnosis and intervention, as well as screening of high-risk groups, which is no longer only a common concern for nephrologists, but also for endocrinologists and cardiovascular doctors, while the motivation and attention of community doctors should be fully mobilized. Third, to strengthen the publicity and education of the general public: diet should be moderate and regular, try to eat less high-calorie, high-fat food, and exercise more. In the face of the grim reality that chronic kidney disease has developed from 11.3% in 2006 to 13.1% in 2009, we hope that we will take action to strengthen the fitness of the whole population, improve physical fitness and control the occurrence of the disease.