The appearance of hard white raised patches on the oral mucosa is a common clinical cause of oral leukoplakia and oral lichen planus. At this time, patients need to actively follow medical advice for treatment to promote recovery.1. Oral leukoplakia: The main causes of oral leukoplakia are local stimulation and personal organism changes. Local stimulation such as smoking, drinking, betel nut chewing, etc., personal body changes such as oral bacterial infection, lack of folic acid or certain vitamins, will also cause the appearance of oral leukoplakia. At this time, patients often need to take oral vitamin A for treatment. If the condition does not improve or heal after medication, and the white spot mucosa begins to ulcerate, the surface thickness increases significantly or the local tissue has early cancerous changes, patients should promptly undergo surgical excision treatment. In daily life, patients need to quit smoking and alcohol, avoid stimulating food, so as not to promote the development of the disease; 2, oral lichen planus: is a chronic inflammatory disease that occurs in the oral mucosa, its etiology is unknown, may be related to immunity, hypoxia, Candida albicans infection, genetics, mental, drugs and other factors. Clinical manifestations are symmetrical left and right, white or grayish streaks of small papules connected by a hard and dry texture, reticular, plaque, atrophic, papular, vesicular oozing and maculopapular damage. If diagnosed, the patient needs to undergo medication, commonly known as retinoids, adrenocorticosteroids and antifungal drugs, etc. At the same time, the patient needs to remove the causative factors, i.e. keep the mouth clean and minimize the stimulation of the oral mucosa by external factors, such as smoking, alcohol and drugs. Overcome poor hygiene habits, such as grinding teeth and sucking on the buccal mucosa. In addition, patients can also relieve discomfort by improving sleep and regulating psychological state. In addition to the above-mentioned causes, it needs to be distinguished from diseases such as Xuekou disease and gingivostomatitis. It is recommended to go to the hospital for relevant examinations, get a clear diagnosis from a professional doctor and give corresponding treatment to avoid delaying the disease.