Osteogenesis imperfecta, also known as brittle bone disease, is a rare genetic disorder whose exact cause is still not well understood. The specific cause of the disease is the impaired bone formation and development due to a variety of causes, resulting in increased brittleness of the bone and susceptibility to fracture and deformation. The main treatment modalities include medication, conservative treatment and surgery. Medications such as calcium or vitamin D and drugs that inhibit bone destruction, such as calcitriol, calcitriol, calcitonin or zoledronic acid, can promote the development and maturation of bones. In addition, when a fracture occurs, depending on the type and severity of the fracture, it can be fixed in a cast or brace. If the type of fracture is more severe, internal fixation is needed for incision and repositioning. Because patients with osteogenesis imperfecta are less likely to have fractures in adulthood, special care should be taken to protect the patient as an adolescent to reduce the incidence of fractures.