Arteriosclerotic occlusive disease of the limbs is a series of symptoms of ischemia in distal tissues and organs due to arterial stenosis or occlusion caused by atherosclerosis. It is a systemic disease that can occur in all arteries of the body, mostly in large and medium-sized arteries, with the most common sites being the abdominal aorta, lower extremity arteries and carotid arteries. If it occurs in the aorta and lower extremity arteries, there will be coldness, numbness, intermittent claudication of the lower extremities, and in severe cases, pain in the feet and even ischemic necrosis, leading to amputation. The etiology of atherosclerosis is generally associated with hyperlipoproteinemia, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, obesity, smoking, low high-density protein, and advanced age. The course of the disease is generally divided into four stages according to the severity of the patient’s symptoms. Phase I: Mild chief complaint phase. The affected limb is mildly numb or feels mildly cold or easily fatigued after activity. Phase 2: Intermittent claudication. When the patient walks a certain distance, pain in the lower extremity appears and is relieved after resting for a few minutes, and then can continue to walk almost the same distance. Phase III: Resting pain. Due to the severe ischemia of the distal lower extremity, the patient feels pain even at rest, especially at night due to the low blood pressure of the whole body which makes the pain very intense, and often sits with his feet in his arms and stays awake all night. Phase IV: Tissue necrosis phase. If the blood supply to the distal tissues of the lower limbs does not improve during the resting pain period and the sclero-occlusive disease develops further, ulceration or necrosis of the extremities may occur; sometimes even septic infection. At this stage, the pain is more intense and unbearable for the patient. When examining the patient’s limbs, only mild redness of the limb skin and little change in skin temperature can be found in the early stage; further development of the disease can appear pale limb skin, cold skin temperature, weak or even no pulsation of the limb arteries. In advanced stages, skin ulceration and necrosis of the limb may occur, and in severe cases, soft tissue such as muscle or/and bone necrosis may occur. Ancillary tests include Doppler ultrasound, CTA and arteriography. Treatment mainly includes general treatment, drug treatment and surgery. General treatment mainly includes strict lifelong smoking cessation, blood pressure control, weight loss and lipid lowering; keep the affected limb warm, prevent trauma, exercise appropriately, promote the formation of collateral circulation and improve blood circulation; do not scald the affected foot to avoid aggravating the ischemia of the affected foot and scalding the affected foot. Drug treatment is mainly the application of anti-platelet drugs, such as enteric aspirin; vasodilator drugs, such as prostil, etc.; lipid-lowering drugs, etc. Surgical treatment needs to be based on the specific condition of the patient, the vascular doctor and the patient together to develop the most suitable for the patient’s specific surgical plan, mainly including arterial endothelial stripping, autologous or artificial vascular bypass surgery, vascular balloon expansion and shaping and stent implantation.