What is Atherosclerosis Occlusive Disease? With the change of dietary structure, increased intake of fat-containing food, and prolongation of life expectancy, the prevalence rate is as high as 79.9% among people over 60 years old. Atherosclerotic occlusive disease is a local manifestation of systemic atherosclerosis in the limbs, mainly manifested as atherosclerotic plaques in the arterial intima, degeneration or calcification of the middle layer of the tissue, the lumen can be followed by thrombus formation, destroying the arterial wall, and ultimately narrowing the lumen, or even completely occluded, so that the affected limbs have acute or chronic ischemic symptoms, and in severe cases, can cause necrosis of the limbs. What are the typical manifestations of arteriosclerotic occlusive disease of the lower limbs? The clinical symptoms of arteriosclerotic occlusive disease are mainly due to the insufficient local blood supply of the limbs caused by arterial stenosis or occlusion. Atherosclerotic occlusive disease of the lower limbs can be clinically divided into four stages according to the degree of development: the first stage (mild complaints period): the feeling of the affected limbs, cold, or mild numbness, easy to fatigue after activity, easy to foot ` and not easy to control, thinning of the skin, lack of nutrients, hair reduction, easy to fall off; the second stage (intermittent claudication period): the patient walks, due to ischemia and hypoxia, calf muscle spasms, pain and fatigue. produce spasm, pain and fatigue weakness, need to stop and rest for a few moments, wait for the symptoms to improve to continue to walk, so that the symptoms are repeated; the third stage (resting pain period): when the lower limb ischemia aggravated, the side branch of the compensation is seriously insufficient, the lower limb muscles and nerves appear ischemic pain, the most common manifestation is that the patient is difficult to sleep through the night, sitting with the knees, calves sagging, can not be lifted up, or else aggravate the ischemia, the period of time. The patient’s spirit and body feel great pain; the fourth stage (tissue necrosis period): ischemic limbs appear tissue necrosis, skin temperature is significantly lower, the end of the limb ulcers, toes show dark purple necrosis manifestations, and gradually upward to the feet, ankles and even calves, toxins through the blood into the body, systemic poisoning occurs, a serious threat to life. Arteriosclerotic occlusive disease should do what examination? 1.General examination: blood lipids measurement, such as biliary enzymes, triglycerides, lipoprotein electrophoresis, etc. 2.Segmental arterial blood pressure measurement of the limbs 3.Color ultrasound Doppler examination is a non-invasive method widely used in recent years, which is simple and easy to carry out, and it can show the local arterial lesions such as lumen morphology, intima-media sclerotic plaques, blood flow status, etc. 4.Arteriography and digital subtraction of arteries, which are the most common methods of arteriosclerosis. 4. Arteriography and digital subtraction angiography are the most accurate examination methods, which are of great value in diagnosing arterial occlusive diseases. It can clearly show the shape of arteries, the location of arterial obstruction, the distal vessels of the obstruction and the establishment of collateral circulation, which can help to determine the treatment plan. 5. CT angiography (CTA) or magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) can obtain more accurate information and images of arterial lesions and distal arteries before treatment. Is endoluminal intervention effective? What is the difference between endoluminal intervention and traditional surgery? According to the analysis of domestic and international cases, the success rate of endoluminal stenting for lower limb atherosclerotic occlusion is more than 90% on average, and the complication rate is less than 10%. One-year patency rate of 80-98% after the first restenosis of lower limb atherosclerotic occlusion, and five-year patency rate reaches 45-80%, which is less invasive than bypass surgery, and the patency rate in the early and mid-term is also higher. Traditional surgical methods are more mature methods, its limitation is that the risk is relatively large, and because these surgical methods often need general anesthesia, so it is not suitable for lower limb atherosclerosis occlusion combined with serious cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease, diabetes mellitus patients. What are the precautions after discharge from the hospital? 1, exercise: treadmill exercise and walking is the most effective exercise to treat claudication. Exercise intensity: Walking speed should be set at the speed that induces painful claudication symptoms in 3 to 5 minutes, then stand or sit down to rest to relieve the symptoms, and then continue the above walking. Exercise duration: The exercise-rest-exercise process should be repeated during each exercise session. Initially walk for a total of 35 minutes, then add 5 minutes to each session until you have walked for a total of 50 minutes, and continue at this intensity and duration. Exercise frequency: 3 to 5 times a week. 2.Life habits and risk factors control: quit smoking, alcohol, low-salt and low-fat diet, control low-density lipoprotein (LDL) below 100mg/dl, control blood glucose, so that glycated hemoglobin is below 7%, control blood pressure below 140/90mmhg, or if combined with diabetes mellitus or renal disease should be controlled blood pressure below 130/80mmhg. 3.After discharge from the hospital, it is necessary to take long-term oral antiplatelet and microcirculation improvement drugs, and regularly review the blood coagulation indexes, adjust the dosage of oral medication to avoid overdose leading to bleeding.