The remaining liver after partial hepatectomy for liver cancer patients can regenerate, but it is also related to factors such as physical fitness and treatment. Hepatocytes are quiescent cells, which will show strong regenerative ability when they are stimulated from outside. After partial hepatectomy, the liver enters into a proliferative state, causing changes in the levels of a series of hepatic regenerative factors, which leads to orderly regeneration of the liver. Therefore, surgical resection is often used as the first choice of treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma. Although the liver has a strong regenerative and reserve capacity and can usually withstand a wide range of resection, the incidence of liver failure after resection is as high as 1%~9%, which is the most common lethal postoperative complication. The regeneration of the liver is also related to the liver itself, nutrition, postoperative recovery, medication and other factors. For example, the regeneration ability of cirrhotic livers is significantly reduced; if the remaining liver is too small, it is usually unable to compensate for the liver functions needed by the organism, resulting in liver failure. It is recommended that liver cancer patients should go to regular hospitals to evaluate their conditions and follow the doctor’s instructions to control the disease progression and improve their prognosis.