Liver function tests mainly include transaminases, bilirubin, serum proteins and imaging tests.
1. Transaminases: mainly include glutamate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase, which can reflect the degree of hepatocellular damage; while glutamyl transpeptidase and alkaline phosphatase can reflect the damage of bile duct cells.
2. Bilirubin: It mainly includes total bilirubin, direct bilirubin and indirect bilirubin, which is important for the determination of liver function, especially the identification of jaundice. The concentration of bilirubin is significantly higher in liver diseases, which often reflects more serious hepatocellular damage.
3. Serum proteins: mainly include total serum protein, serum globulin, serum albumin, and white globulin ratio. Its increase is seen in dehydration, high fever, extensive burns, acute hemorrhage, etc.; protein reduction is seen in malnutrition, poor digestion and absorption, pernicious anemia, chronic liver disease. Increased serum globulin can be seen in chronic inflammation and infection, cirrhosis, myeloma and so on.
4. Imaging examination: usually take the color ultrasound of the upper abdomen or CT examination of the abdomen, which can determine whether the patient has cirrhosis, cholecystitis, gallbladder stones and other diseases.
Specific liver function tests should be decided after evaluating the patient’s condition under the guidance of a specialized doctor.