First aid for heatstroke should take different measures depending on the severity of the heatstroke.
If it is only mild heatstroke, you can go to a cool and ventilated place to rest, and if you are conscious and can swallow, you can drink some cold water or drinks, blow the air-conditioner or fan yourself, or use a wet towel to cool down your body. Generally, you will recover quickly.
If there has been nausea and vomiting, abnormal behavior or general convulsions, blurred consciousness, high fever, etc., indicating that the heatstroke is serious, you can take the following measures to rescue treatment.
1. Cooling treatment: rapid cooling is the basis of first aid for heat stroke, especially the time period of cooling treatment for pyrexia patients should be within the golden half hour as far as possible.
When heat stroke is found, it should be removed from the hot environment immediately. Cooling methods mainly include cold water or ice bath and other external cooling, gastric or rectal lavage with ice saline, peritoneal lavage with saline or hemodialysis and other in vivo cooling treatments, and the use of saline plus chlorpromazine intravenous infusion and other medications to lower the temperature.
2. Treatment of complications: If the comatose patient has poor breathing, endotracheal intubation should be carried out; if the intracranial pressure is increased, mannitol should be infused intravenously; if the patient has multi-organ failure, dialysis should be chosen according to the condition and symptomatic supportive treatment should be given.
3. Monitoring: During the cooling period, body temperature, urine output and coagulation function should be continuously monitored.
The mortality rate of heat stroke is very high, so it is recommended to reduce outdoor activities in hot weather and improve working conditions in high temperature to minimize the occurrence of heat stroke. If symptoms of heatstroke occur, go to the hospital in a timely manner, and do not treat the symptoms on your own to avoid aggravating the condition and increasing the difficulty of treatment.