Renal biopsy, also known as renal puncture biopsy, is a routine examination in nephrology and plays a crucial role in defining the pathological type of the disease, guiding the treatment plan, and determining the prognosis. In clinical practice, renal puncture is necessary for acute renal insufficiency, acute glomerulonephritis, nephrotic syndrome, lupus nephritis and other diseases, such as membranous nephropathy, which requires hormone combined with immunosuppressive therapy, and anti-GBM nephropathy, which requires plasma exchange therapy. Currently, renal puncture biopsy is performed under the guidance of color ultrasound, so there will be no complications such as accidental injury to surrounding tissues and organs and blood vessels, and the operation is relatively safe. The whole puncture procedure takes about 10 minutes and does not cause any obvious pain. The increase of red blood cells in urine after puncture is a normal phenomenon, do not worry, pay attention to drink more water, and check the urine routine, observe the change of the number of red blood cells in urine, a few patients will appear perirenal hematoma, generally do not need special treatment, appropriate prolonged bed rest, the hematoma will absorb on its own.