Aspiration pneumonia is a symptom of early respiratory distress in newborns. If the fetus inhales a large amount of amniotic fluid in utero or during delivery, it is called amniotic fluid aspiration pneumonia; if the fetus inhales amniotic fluid contaminated with meconium, it is called meconium aspiration pneumonia; and if the fetus inhales a large amount of breast milk into the lungs after birth, it is called lactation aspiration pneumonia. Treatment of aspiration pneumonia: The key is to clear the airway and improve ventilation and oxygenation. (1) clear the airway; (2) oxygenation and mechanical respiration to maintain blood PO2 at 8-10.kPa (60-80mHg) blood gas analysis pH <7.2, PaO2 <6.67kPa (50mmHg), PCO >5.99kPa (45mmHg) need to be treated with a respirator. (3) Keep the newborn baby warm, the skin temperature should reach 36.5℃. (4) Combined pneumothorax and mediastinal emphysema should wait for natural absorption in mild cases, but in severe cases, puncture and suction or closed drainage should be performed immediately. (5) Supply sufficient nutrition and fluids to ensure the amount of needs and fluids. In the acute stage, 60-80ml/(kg?d) combined with ARDS, pulmonary edema should be appropriately limited fluid volume. In the recovery period, the amount of fluid should be 80-100ml/(kg?d), which can be fed nasally or given intravenous nutrition fluid. (6) Correction of acidosis can be done with blood gas analysis and treated according to the results. Respiratory acidosis can be corrected after improving ventilation and adequate oxygen supply. (7) Symptomatic treatment.