Breast tissue engineering is the use of tissue engineering principles to repair or reconstruct a defective breast, with the primary goal of reconstructing its appearance and, on top of that, restoring the sense of touch and pressure as much as possible. The shape and size of the breast is maintained mainly by adipose tissue. Therefore, the formation of adipose tissue is the main aspect of breast tissue engineering. There are two main methods of breast tissue engineering: in situ tissue engineering and in vitro tissue engineering. The in situ tissue engineering method involves the application of a cell-free, simple tissue engineering scaffold implant to induce differentiation and proliferation of the surrounding pre-retaining adipose cells to form adipose tissue. This method is usually suitable for repairing small amounts of tissue defects and is not ideal for large amounts of breast tissue loss. 2. In vitro tissue engineering Seed cells are obtained from patients for in vitro expansion and culture, and based on the data obtained from 3D scans, the number of cells to be implanted and the mechanical characteristics and shape of the scaffold are calculated using a computerized virtual device, and the cell-scaffold complex is prefabricated and then implanted on the affected side to induce its growth and viability to form a breast that is proportional to the opposite side. This is by far the most studied form of tissue engineering. Despite numerous experiments and progress made by many scholars, there are still many scientific problems that cannot be solved in the near future. For example, the selection of breast tissue engineering scaffolds, the vascularization of the new tissue, and the lifespan of the new tissue. Therefore, its clinical application is still immature. These problems are yet to be solved by clinicians, bioengineers and vitalists.