Trigeminal neuralgia balloon compression has the potential for recurrence. The surgery focuses on compression of the trigeminal nerves and tissues, destroying the neurons associated with trigeminal neuralgia in order to treat trigeminal neuralgia. Trigeminal balloon compression is primarily used to treat trigeminal neuralgia by introducing a disposable brain surgical balloon into the mackerel cavity and mechanically compressing the semilunar ganglion, or trigeminal ganglion, by injecting a contrast agent into the balloon. The possible mechanism of action includes the production of slight hemorrhage, and small round cell infiltration within the nerve junction through mechanical compression, leading to the destruction of grossly myelinated abnormal neurons that are associated with and defective in trigeminal neuralgia, for therapeutic purposes. Some patients will relapse soon after trigeminal nerve balloon therapy, usually due to inadequate destruction during the procedure. The more adequate the surgical destruction, the greater the sequelae of postoperative numbness and weakening of the masticatory muscles, so the clinician will also determine the degree of nerve destruction according to the patient’s condition. For patients with faster recurrence after primary surgery, the duration of compression can be appropriately increased when secondary compression is performed to achieve long-term pain management. Trigeminal neuralgia patients need to seek medical attention in a timely manner and choose the appropriate treatment for themselves under the guidance of their doctor.