Painful pressure on the ribs on both sides of the sternum may be caused by costochondritis, rib fracture, pleurisy and other diseases. 1. Costal chondritis: the cause of costal chondritis is not yet clear, most of them are related to viral infection, chronic strain, immunity or endocrine abnormality and so on, and secondly, it may also be caused by trauma, strenuous exercise and so on. The main manifestation of the patient is pain in the chest area, the pain can be radiated to the back or abdomen, and the pain will appear when the rib cartilage area is pressed. 2. Rib fracture: Rib fracture is mainly caused by direct or indirect violent trauma, and the causative factors are related to osteoporosis and rib metastasis of tumor. Patients mainly manifest chest pain, which is usually aggravated by deep breathing, coughing or rotating position, and some patients may have pressing pain. 3. Pleurisy: pleurisy is an inflammation that occurs in the pleural cavity, which may be caused by the disease of pleura itself, such as pleural mesenchymal tumors, traumatic injury to the pleura, and so on, and it may also be caused by the disease of peripheral tissues of the pleura, such as pneumonia and injury to the chest wall, and so on. The patient will have chest pain, chest tightness and other symptoms, and there will be localized pain when pressed. There are more causes of rib pain on both sides of the sternum, and it is recommended that patients seek medical examination for a clear diagnosis.