Hyperbaric oxygen therapy for severe craniocerebral injury can significantly reduce the neurological deficits of patients and improve their quality of life. Our department started to carry out this work from 1998 and has achieved certain achievements. However, the treatment time, course of treatment, how to avoid complications during the treatment process, and the development of a complete treatment plan have not been completed. The treatment mechanism is not explored enough. I. Clinical situation 1. Start time: From 1998 to 2005, a total of 187 patients were admitted to our department. Among them, 136 were male, age 48.26±18.91, and 51 were female patients, age 53.13±20.87. 1.2 Patient sources: 89 cases were transferred from our neurosurgery department, accounting for 47.59% of the total number of patients;; 9 cases were transferred from the emergency ICU, accounting for 4.81%; 12 cases were transferred from the surgical ICU, accounting for 6.42%, and 77 cases were transferred from outside hospitals, accounting for 41.18% The patients were transferred to the surgical ICU in 12 cases, accounting for 6.42%. Patients were transferred to the hospital as early as 17 days and as late as 72 days after the onset of disease. 1.3 Disease status: Patients were those who were left with more serious sequelae after neurosurgery with poor results, but with normal vital signs. There were 87 cases of severe craniocerebral injury due to traumatic brain injury. Among them, there were 67 cases of closed craniocerebral injury, (35.87%;), 62 cases of open craniocerebral injury (16.58%;), 28 cases of subdural (extradural) hematoma (14.97%;), 6 cases of subdural (extradural) effusion (3.21%;), 9 cases of hydrocephalus (4.81%;), 49 cases of brainstem contusion (26,20%;), 25 cases of brain herniation (13.37%;) subarachnoid hemorrhage in 28 cases (14.92%;), stereotactic hard channel minimally invasive drainage for primary cerebral hemorrhage in 33 cases (17.65%;), postoperative cerebrovascular malformation in 6 cases (3.21%;), and postoperative trauma of brain tumor in 6 cases (3.21%;). 1.4 Patients’ symptoms: impaired consciousness: 68%, physical dysfunction: 80%, visual impairment: 2.67%, mental impairment: 12.3%, ataxia: 4.81%, symptomatic epilepsy: 6.95%;, infections: all patients had hospital-acquired infections during hospitalization, with the sites of infection being bronchopulmonary infections, urinary tract infections, and skin infections, in that order. 30 to 40% of patients had Pseudomonas aeruginosa and ampicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections, renal insufficiency: 10% of patients, hypoproteinemia: 25.13%, intestinal dysbiosis: antibiotic-associated enteritis and fungal infections, hydrocephalus: 10%, gastrointestinal stress ulcer bleeding: 20% Cerebrospinal fluid leak: 5 patients had cerebrospinal fluid leak during medical history and 1 patient had hyperbaric oxygen Cerebrospinal fluid leak during medical treatment, critical situation in hyperbaric chamber: one patient with severe illness had respiratory and cardiac arrest during treatment. 1.5 Treatment implementation (1) Hyperbaric oxygen therapy: three chambers of high pressure air chamber group, treatment pressure 0.2Mpa, steady pressure with mask oxygen administration, oxygen concentration 99.8%;, oxygen concentration in the chamber <; 25%. Patients were treated for 20 times as a phase, with a rest period of 15-25 days between two phases, and the total treatment time was decided according to the patient's condition. (2) Pharmacological treatment: Calcium ion orange antagonist, ganglioside, cytidine, nerve growth factor, etc. were used according to the patient's condition. (3) Physical rehabilitation: Place the affected limb in a functional position, instruct the major joints to move passively, and encourage active movement for conscious patients. (4) Nasal feeding: enteral nutrition, ensure caloric intake. (4) Nasal feeding: enteral nutrition and caloric intake. >1500 calories/day. (5) Physiotherapy: according to the patient’s condition. (6) Anti-infection: rational selection of antibiotics according to culture results after secretion culture, and its former empirical treatment, mostly considering broad-spectrum antibiotics. (7) Psychiatrist for psychiatric treatment. (8) Humanistic care: Throughout the treatment. (9) In 1998, the system of medical and nursing staff accompanying the cabin was introduced. Seriously ill patients must be accompanied by two medical and nursing staffs in the cabin. To ensure the safety of patients’ lives. There was a critically ill patient in the cabin sudden respiratory and cardiac arrest, after timely detection, and immediately launched the cabin rescue. The patient was connected to a mask type simple respirator to perform artificially assisted breathing, chest massage, open veins. At the same time, medical personnel outside the cabin entered the cabin within 6 minutes using the transition cabin to assist in resuscitation. The patient was decompressed and sent back to the ward. After resuscitation, the heartbeat was restored and the ventilator was connected to assisted breathing. ECG showed: acute myocardial infarction. As the patient was resuscitated in time in the capsule, his family did not raise objection. Avoid medical disputes. II. Completion 187 patients were observed, and 162 patients completed hyperbaric oxygen therapy 20 times. 3 patients died during the treatment, including 2 cases died of infection and 1 case died of cardiac arrest with acute myocardial infarction. 2.1 Improvement in the degree of neurological deficits: The improvement in neurological functions of patients during different periods of hyperbaric oxygen therapy was evaluated according to the deficit scoring criteria for the degree of neurological deficits in stroke patients established at the Fourth National Academic Conference on Cerebrovascular Diseases in 1995. The degree of neurological deficits in patients treated with hyperbaric oxygen for 20 times in one phase improved significantly compared with that before treatment (=9.717, P<;0.01), and the difference was highly significant. The degree of neurological deficits improved better in patients with 20 sessions of hyperbaric oxygen therapy than with 10 sessions of hyperbaric oxygen therapy (=9.0134, P<;0.01), and the difference was highly significant. The number of patients with Glasgow coma score <;6 was reduced from 65 to 21. 51 patients with Glasgow coma score 13-15 were treated before treatment and 127 patients were treated after treatment. The difference was highly significant by rank sum test for comparison of the two samples (=7.22, P<;0.01) 2.3 Patient and family satisfaction: the satisfaction of inpatients and family members was surveyed by questionnaire and conversation and was 90%. The degree of satisfaction was closely related to the degree of improvement of the patients' condition. 3. Discussion 3.1 Due to the limitation of conditions, it was not possible to conduct a clinical study with a control group, but all the study subjects were patients with severe sequelae of poor outcome after cerebral surgery, with an average of 34 days from the onset of the disease at the time of transfer, 81 cases with severe neurological deficits of 10 to 15 points, deep coma patients with Glasgow coma score <;6 points In 65 cases, after 20 hyperbaric oxygen treatments and 20-30 days of treatment, the number of patients with neurological deficit score of 10-15 decreased from 81 to 19, and the number of patients with score of 35-45 increased from 14 to 103 before treatment. It was suggested that the neurological deficits of the patients improved significantly after 20 sessions of hyperbaric oxygen therapy compared with the previous ones. To evaluate the GCS score and prognosis of patients, the score is mostly performed 24 hours or 72 hours after traumatic brain injury. However, most of the patients transferred to our department were transferred in January after traumatic brain injury. The patient components were mostly patients who had poor recovery after one month of treatment and suffered from complications. This makes patient treatment difficult and the prognosis is not as good as previously analyzed in the literature. 3.2 The comprehensive treatment of hyperbaric oxygen caused patients to significantly improve their state of consciousness and mental status, limb function and quality of life.