What is the definition of persistent epilepsy and what are the principles of treatment?

  1.Definition: also called status epilepticus, is the seizure between consecutive seizures has not fully recovered consciousness and frequent recurrence, or seizures lasted more than 30min did not stop on their own.  (1) Keep the airway open, immediately turn the patient’s head to the side, and remove secretions from the mouth to prevent aspiration and asphyxia. Use gauze-wrapped tongue depressor between the upper and lower molars to prevent tongue and cheek bite, and to facilitate respiratory ventilation. If there is airway obstruction, perform an early organotomy and administer oxygen.  (2) Immediately monitor the patient’s ECG, blood pressure, respiration, and EEG, and perform blood gas analysis and biochemical examination if necessary to find the cause of the disease and treat it.  (3) Establish intravenous access, keep fluids flowing, assess cardiopulmonary function, and maintain normal blood pressure.  (4) Treat complications, control cerebral edema, apply 20% mannitol 250ml IV, control body temperature, physically cool down or wear ice cap, apply broad-spectrum antibiotics to treat and prevent infection, correct metabolic disorders such as hypoglycemia, hypocalcemia, hyperosmolarity and hepatic encephalopathy, and give nutritional support.  (5) Administer intravenous antiepileptic drugs to terminate the convulsions.  (6) Find the cause of the disease.  (7) After consciousness, change to oral or nasal antiepileptic drugs.