The treatment of ulcerative colitis mainly takes the way of drug treatment, if combined with intestinal hemorrhage, intestinal perforation or combined with toxic megacolon and other complications, by the internal medicine conservative treatment is ineffective, and accompanied by severe toxemia, can be taken to surgical treatment. Ulcerative colitis is a group of chronic non-specific intestinal inflammatory diseases of unknown etiology. Its treatment mainly takes the form of drug therapy. For mild to moderate patients, 5-aminosalicylic acid drugs can be applied (e.g., salazosulfapyridine, etc.); for mild to moderate patients and severe patients with poor efficacy of 5-aminosalicylic acid drugs, glucocorticosteroids can be added (e.g., prednisone, etc.); for chronic persistent patients with poor efficacy of hormone therapy or hormone dependence, immunosuppressants (e.g., azathioprine, etc.) can be applied. If ulcerative colitis is combined with complications such as intestinal hemorrhage, intestinal perforation, or combined with toxic megacolon, which is ineffective with internal conservative treatment and accompanied by severe toxemia, surgical treatment can be adopted, such as total colectomy plus ileo-anal anastomosis. If the diagnosis of ulcerative colitis is confirmed, it should be promptly consulted, and the medication should be in accordance with the doctor’s instructions, or under the guidance of the doctor for further treatment or therapy.