Meniere’s disease is a type of otogenic vertigo of unknown origin, caused by fluid accumulation in the vagus of the inner ear. It is characterized by recurrent episodes of visual rotation vertigo, tinnitus, fullness of the ear, nausea, vomiting, and fluctuating hearing loss.
The main pathological manifestation of Ménière’s disease is the accumulation of fluid in the membranous vagus of the inner ear. Due to the accumulation of fluid in the membranous vagus, it can lead to a feeling of fullness in the ear, as well as tinnitus and hearing loss, and stimulation of the vestibule of the inner ear, leading to vertigo, nausea and vomiting. The typical manifestation of Meniere’s disease is the appearance of episodic vertigo, mostly in the form of sudden rotational vertigo, in which the patient sees surrounding objects and himself rotating, and the vertigo is accompanied by autonomic symptoms such as nausea, vomiting and pallor, but the patient is conscious and the vertigo can recur. After repeated attacks, sensorineural deafness can occur, which can be a fluctuating hearing loss. Before the onset of vertigo, tinnitus symptoms may appear, and during vertigo attacks, the tinnitus symptoms increase and are accompanied by a feeling of ear fullness.
Meniere’s disease, in particular, needs to be differentiated from benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (also known as otolithiasis). Otolithiasis has no cochlear symptoms and is a brief paroxysmal vertigo that occurs in a specific location. In Meniere’s disease, there is no specific medication and symptomatic treatment is performed at the onset. Pay attention to a regular life and a light diet in general.