In recent years, the incidence and mortality rates of malignant tumours have risen sharply as a result of factors such as the aggravation of population growth and population ageing, the acceleration of modernization such as urban industrialization, environmental pollution and people’s poor lifestyle. At present, the mortality rate of lung cancer in the world accounts for the first place of cancer mortality, and its incidence rate in China has jumped to the second place from the sixth place of original malignant tumors. The situation of lung cancer is grim, but it does not mean that we do nothing. There is no need to talk about lung cancer as some people often do, thinking that as long as lung cancer is detected, it is equal to a death sentence. In fact, this is not the case, and it depends on the specific situation. The overall 5-year survival rate of lung cancer is only 14.1%, but the 5-year survival rate of stage I lung cancer patients after surgery is 60%, and the 5-year survival rate of stage 0 lung cancer patients can be more than 90%, so it can be seen that, through early detection and treatment, lung cancer can achieve good therapeutic effect. On the other hand, lung cancer is preventable. Clinical screening for lung cancer has been started in 1950s, from X-ray light, sputum exfoliative cytology, to bronchoscopy, etc. There is not yet a recognized screening method, but clinically, early diagnosis of lung cancer can be carried out in the following aspects: (1) For high-risk groups, it is recommended to perform chest fluoroscopy or film physical examination every year, and spiral CT scanning should be carried out when masses or shadows are detected; (2) for those who cough up sputum and sputum with blood. Repeated sputum examination for cancer cells and/or bronchoscopy; (3) Chest X-ray finding lung nodules or shadows but negative bronchoscopy can be performed CT localization puncture biopsy. Lung cancer prevention is more important than treatment because it is closely related to the environment, smoking and bad living habits, etc. Therefore, lung cancer can be prevented through the following aspects: 1. Quit smoking: it is not too late for smokers to quit smoking at any time, but the earlier the better! Quitting smoking makes the risk of lung cancer significantly reduced, the incidence of lung cancer begins to decline after 5~10 years of quitting smoking, and after fifteen years of stopping smoking, the chances of acquiring lung cancer are the same as that of non-smokers; 2. Staying away from occupational exposures; 3. Healthy living habits: Reasonable diets, eating more foligin and vitamin E-rich vegetables and fruits, coarse cereals, eating fewer smoky foods, and not eating moldy foods; 4. Paying attention to the environment and living hygiene: Reduce harmful compounds during and after house renovation; strengthen kitchen ventilation; 5. Regularly participate in physical exercise to avoid obesity; 6. Positive attitude towards life: cultivate an optimistic and open-minded personality and attitude towards life.