Although the respiratory rhythm is produced in the brain, its activity can be reflexively regulated by afferent impulses from the respiratory organs themselves, as well as from skeletal muscles and sensory apparatus of other organ systems, some of which are important reflexes: pulmonary twitch reflex, respiratory muscle proprioceptive reflex, and defensive respiratory reflex. What are the causes of impaired respiratory reflex regulation? Blood pressure can reflexively affect respiration when there is a large change in blood pressure, and when blood pressure rises, respiration is weakened and slowed down; when blood pressure decreases, respiration is strengthened and accelerated. The regulation of respiration by chemical factors is also a reflex regulation of respiration. Chemical factors refer to O2, CO2 and H+ in arterial blood or cerebrospinal fluid. The body regulates the levels of O2, CO2 and H+ in the blood through respiration, and changes in the levels of O2, CO2 and H+ in the arterial blood regulate respiration through chemoreceptors, thus forming a control loop that maintains the relative stability of these factors in the internal environment. The syndrome is mainly caused by abnormalities in respiratory regulation, which can occur in the following diseases: cerebrovascular accidents, neurological lesions, anterior spinal cord dissection, bilateral spinal cord lesions caused by vascular embolism or degenerative lesions, familial autonomic abnormalities, insulin-related diabetes mellitus, encephalitis, other diseases such as muscle disorders, malformations of the foramen magnum, poliomyelitis, congestive heart failure, etc. Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome: The main cause is the narrowing of the upper airway during sleep, active upper airway constriction caused by abnormal reflexes, etc. The upper airway is often narrowed in obese people, in addition to the upper airway lesions related to obstructive sleep apnea are abnormalities of the nasal structure, pharyngeal wall hypertrophy, tonsillar hypertrophy, acromegaly, giant tongue, congenital small jaw deformity, structural abnormalities of the pharynx and larynx, etc. Cerebrovascular accident: Cerebrovascular disease is a group of diseases caused by the rupture and bleeding of cerebral blood vessels or thrombosis, with symptoms of hemorrhagic or ischemic damage to the brain as the main clinical manifestation, also known as cerebrovascular accidents or strokes, commonly known as strokes. The disease is common in acute attacks in people over middle age, and in severe cases, impairment of consciousness and limb paralysis can occur. It is currently the main disease causing death and disability in humans, and is also the main cause of death in patients with hypertension. Familial autonomic dysfunction: This disease was first described by Riley in 1949, and is therefore also known as Riey-Day syndrome. it is a rare and as yet unknown cause of cutaneous visceral disease. There are autonomic, motor nerve and somatic sensory function defects. It is characterized by hyperhidrosis, salivation, patchy erythema, intermittent hypertension and defective lacrimal secretion. In addition, there is corneal nociception deficit, diminished tendon reflexes and recurrent pulmonary disorders. The disease is familial, occurring mainly in children of Jewish origin, and is autosomal recessive. The symptoms of the disease are the result of autonomic imbalance or impaired metabolic processes of norepinephrine and epinephrine caused by catechol precursors.